The isolation, structural elucidation and biological activities of oligosporon (1), oligosporol A (2) and oligosporol B (3), three new antibiotics from cultures of the predacious deuteromycete, Arthrobotrys oligospora, are reported. The structures were elucidated by means of high resolution mass and high field N M R spectroscopy. The compounds exhibited weak antimicro­ bial, cytotoxic and hemol...

Microplot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of inoculum level and time of application of Paecilomyces lilacinus on the protection of tomato against MeIoidogyne incognita. The best protection against M. incognita was attained with 10 and 20 g of fungus-infested wheat kernels per microplot which resulted in a threefold and fourfold increase in tomato yield, respectively, compared...

The ancient mutualism between fungus-growing ants and the fungi they cultivate for food is a textbook example of symbiosis. Fungus-growing ants' ability to cultivate fungi depends on protection of the garden from the aggressive microbes associated with the substrate added to the garden as well as from the specialized virulent garden parasite Escovopsis. We examined ants' ability to remove alien...

The symbiosis between fungus-growing ants and the fungi they cultivate for food has been shaped by 50 million years of coevolution. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that this long coevolutionary history includes a third symbiont lineage: specialized microfungal parasites of the ants' fungus gardens. At ancient levels, the phylogenies of the three symbionts are perfectly congruent, revealing that ...

corneal ulcer is a major cause of blindness throughout the world. when the cornea is injured by foreign particles, there are chances of infection by the organism and development of ulcer. bacterial infection in the cornea is invariably an alteration of the defense mechanism of the outer eye. it is essential to determine the local etiology within a given region when planning a corneal ulcer mana...

background and objective: chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) is one of the most common chronic diseases. in the past decades, there has been an increase in fungal infections of sinuses and fungal rhinosinusitis (frs) has been diagnosed more frequently. knowing the fungal flora and its prevalence in crs patients will allow a better understanding of this disease, permitting a correct diagnosis, treatme...

introduction: fungi are biological threatening which exist in all the environments. libraries and archive centers are a suitable environment for the growth of fungi. the aim of this study was to identify fungal life-threatening factors for librarians and users in libraries of isfahan university of medical sciences, iran in 2011. methods: this was a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical stu...

introduction: environmental fungi, molds and yeasts, can infest the nasal cavity through inhaled air. there is some evidence that they could be the main cause of chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) but little is known about the normal fungal flora in the human nose. the objective of this study was to assess the normal fungal flora of the nasal mucus in adults in kerman. materials and methods: we condu...