conclusions these findings demonstrated that metacognition had an important role in predicting alexithymia in the substance abusers, which underscores the necessity of precautionary measures. patients and methods the research sample included addicts (males and females aged 10 to 70 years) who referred to the addiction treatment and counseling centers of three iranian cities of zahedan, sari, an...

employee commitment is the terminology used to describe whether employees have a strong belief and accepts organizational goals and values. the thesis of this study is founded on the conviction that an organization cannot be expected to perform effectively and efficiently when its employees are not committed. there are many measurable support that employee commitment is a critical factor that d...

Abstract Research indicates that the dominant discourses of gender are ingrained in dual career (DC) practices critically influencing athletes’ motivation to construct a DC pathway. While it is important ensure all athletes have an equal access pathway despite their gender, there gap literature examining role coaches play gendering pathways. The present study longitudinally examined differences...

the present study intended to propose a causal model of factors that would predict oral communication apprehension (oca) of iranian learners of english as a foreign language. to conduct the study, 135 male and female university students majoring in english were selected. five variables including: learners’self-esteem and introversion/extroversion(as independent variables), their gender and prof...

Abstract This paper presents the RST-AQ, a 22-item scale to measure affective states related three motivational systems postulated by Reinforcement Sensitivity theory (RST-AQ): Behavioral approach system (BAS), inhibition (BIS), and Fight-Flight-Freeze (FFFS). The subscales are internally consistent. Results show an overall support for construct validity of our RST-AQ measure. correlations with...

Due to changes in customers’ shopping habits and increasing omnichannel behavior (i.e., use of both online offline channels), a seamless customer experience (CX) with retailer extends beyond the shop. CX is broad construct researchers have used various measures capture this construct. Consequently, it difficult compare outcomes. Against background, literature review analyzes dimensions, measure...

Revisions of DSM and ICD are forthcoming. Should the old categories of psychotic disorder, in particular the construct of schizophrenia, be retained or is a new system of representation of psychosis in order? It is argued that both scientific and societal developments point to a system of classification combining categorical and dimensional representations of psychosis in DSM and ICD. Furthermo...