Chronic consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated foods is a global problem in both developing and developed countries especially where there is poor regulation of their levels in foods. In the body, aflatoxins (AFBs) mainly AFB1 are biotransformed to various metabolites especially the active AFB1-exo-8,9-epoxide (AFBO). The AFB, AFBO and other metabolites interact with various biomolecules in the ...

BACKGROUND Aorto-bifemoral bypass (AFB) is commonly performed to treat aorto-iliac disease and a durable long-term outcome is achieved. Most studies documenting beneficial outcomes after AFB have been limited to mortality and morbidity rates, costs and length of hospital stay (LOS). Few studies have examined the dependency of patients and how their perception of their own health changes after s...

Produced by several species of Aspergillus, Aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) is a carcinogenic mycotoxin contaminating many crops worldwide. The utilization of fungicides is currently one of the most common methods; nevertheless, their use is not environmentally or economically sound. Thus, the use of natural compounds able to block aflatoxinogenesis could represent an alternative strategy to limit food and...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Improper practices of making direct smears of sputum for detection of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) and of disposing sputum cups are hazardous. The present study was undertaken with the objective to stain sputum samples in their containers by 'phenol (10%) ammonium sulphate (4%) basic fuchsin (2%) solution' and to decolourize and counterstain their smears for detection of AFB-...

The objective of this study was to investigate the individual and combined contamination of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁), zearalenone (ZEN) and deoxynivalenol (DON) in feedstuffs from different Provinces of China between 2016 and 2017. A total of 1569 samples, including 742 feed ingredients and 827 complete pig feed samples, were collected from various regions of China for mycotoxins analysis. The resul...

Wildlife observations collected over time at a US Air Force Base (AFB) have been visually displayed through Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. By continuing to expand upon the capabilities of GIS, USDA Wildlife Services has been able to manage the Seymour Johnson AFB airfield and surrounding areas in a practical manner. A Wildlife Hazard Assessment of the AFB used GIS to clearly di...

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem worldwide. The bacteriological diagnosis of TB is confirmed by sputum smear, which shows positive result. Sputum culture conversion at two months therapy has higher possibility completing therapy; however, this method time-consuming and expensive. This study aimed to analyze the initial smear in intensive phase as prognostic determinant appropria...

Remark: AFB may be used when available. The timing and duration of follow-up are unknown. Background: Bronchial intraepithelial lesions may be precursors of central airway lung carcinomas. Identifi cation and early treatment of these preinvasive lesions might prevent progression to invasive carcinoma. Methods: We systematically reviewed the literature to develop evidence-based recommendations r...

Recently, increasing incidences of AFB and problems controlling the disease – based on resistance build-up in the bacteria, increased residue problems, and loss of natural resistance in bees have renewed the interest for AFB tolerant honey bee strains world-wide. The honey bee possesses different tolerance mechanisms against AFB – e.g. larval resistance, hygienic behaviour and food inhibition o...

At Yale-New Haven Hospital, 46 specimens submitted for mycobacterial culture during an 8-week period in 1989 were positive for Mycobacterium gordonae, a nontuberculous acid-fast bacterium (AFB) of low pathogenicity. The specimens were submitted from 34 patients who came from various inpatient and outpatient services. Four patients were begun on antimycobacterial therapy on the basis of an AFB i...