AIMS Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and signs of atherosclerosis are present in all large arteries already in adolescence. We investigated the association between high physical fitness in late adolescence and myocardial infarction (MI) later in life. METHODS AND RESULTS The study cohort comprised 743 498 Swedish men examined at the age of 18 ...

OBJECTIVES 1. to investigate whether 20 m multi-stage shuttle run performance (20mSRT), an indirect measure of aerobic fitness, could discriminate between healthy and overweight status in 9-10.9 yr old schoolchildren using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis; 2. Investigate if cardiometabolic risk differed by aerobic fitness group by applying the ROC cut point to a second, cross-se...

BACKGROUND This study assessed the perceived benefits and barriers to exercise participation in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and monitored changes in response to a lifestyle intervention. METHODS Forty-three overweight/obese PCOS women (Age, 30.3(6.2) yrs; BMI, 36.4(5.6) kg/m(2)) were randomised to one of three 20-week lifestyle programs: diet only (DO, n =...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To assess the feasibility and safety of an aerobic exercise intervention in patients with rectal cancer during and after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT).
. DESIGN A prospective, single-group design with assessments at pre-NACRT, post-NACRT, and presurgery.
. SETTING The Cross Cancer Institute and University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada.
. SAMPLE 18 patients with...

Concern over global climate change is widespread, but quantifying relationships between temperature change and animal fitness has been a challenge for scientists. Our approach to this challenge was to study migratory Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.), fish whose lifetime fitness hinges on a once-in-a-lifetime river migration to natal spawning grounds. Here, we suggest that their thermal optimu...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine and compare the effects of weight loss achieved through orlistat therapy alone or a combination of orlistat and an aerobic exercise training program on aerobic fitness and body composition in obese females. METHODS Twenty-eight obese patients were randomly assigned to receive 12-week treatment with hypocaloric diet-orlistat or diet-orlistat-exe...

Associations between body mass index (BMI), peak oxygen consumption (VO(2peak)), and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors have not been adequately studied in Japanese children. Here the relationships between these parameters and the threshold aerobic fitness level necessary for low MetS risk were determined. The participants (299 children; 140 boys and 159 girls, aged 9.1 ± 0.3 years) were di...

BACKGROUND The Cooper Institute established new criterion-referenced standards for the body composition and cardiovascular fitness standards for the FITNESSGRAM(®) program. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in the achievement of standards and classification agreement between the old and new standards. METHODS Fitness data were collected during the 2009-2010 schoo...

UNLABELLED With the growing trend toward engagement in sedentary behaviors during childhood, a greater understanding of the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and cognition during development is of increasing importance. OBJECTIVE The aim of this investigation was to assess the extent to which failures in sustained attention may underlie deficits in cognition associated with poore...