Background Evidence suggests that women oxidize more fat for fuel at rest than males. Potential sex differences in fuel utilization during exercise remain unclear. Alterations in diet may influence substrate utilization by altering substrate availability and metabolic enzyme activity. Reduced carbohydrate (CHO) intake has been shown to lower respiratory exchange ratio (RER) over time, which may...

T HE mechanisms regulating feed intake appear to be the same mechanisms that control energy exchange. The physiological functions brought into play are numerous and involve chemosensitive areas, reflex responses and integrative function of the central nervous system. Aside from the primary physiological factors limiting feed intake, a close relationship exists in ruminants between the content o...

BACKGROUND Current knowledge suggests that small intestinal overgrowth participates in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome. It is questionable if this association is modulated by intake of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). METHODS In a prospective study, quantitative cultures of duodenal aspirates were performed for aerobic species in 897 consecutive patients undergoing upper GI tract e...

Feed intake of ruminants is controlled either by the limits of physical capacity of the body or a multiplicity of coordinated physiological pathways which are largely energized by metabolites of food and neural feedback systems. Itwas found that physical and physiological factors regulating feed intake changed quantitatively with increasing digestibility of food. At low digestibility they were:...

Introduction: Visfatin is predominantly secreted from visceral adipose tissue and mimics the effect of insulin by binding to insulin receptors. The purpose of the present research is to examine the effect of glucose intake on plasma visfatin concentration following an aerobic exercise session. Methods: In a quasi-experimental study, 16 male non-athlete students (21.91±2.31 yrs., 77.53...

Aerobic glycolysis in transformed cells is an unique metabolic phenotype characterized by a hyperactivated glycolytic pathway even in the presence of oxygen. It is not clear if the onset of aerobic glycolysis is regulated by mitochondrial dysfunction and, if so, what the metabolic windows of opportunity available to control this metabolic switch (mitochondrial to glycolytic) landscape are in tr...

Tumor cells rely on aerobic glycolysis to maintain unconstrained cell growth and proliferation. Imiquimod (IMQ), a synthetic Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 ligand, exerts anti-tumor effects directly by inducing cell death in cancer cells and/or indirectly by activating cellular immune responses against tumor cells. However, whether IMQ modulates glucose metabolism pathways remains unclear. In thi...