mucosal surfaces of the body provide a universal entry portal for all known and emerging infectious pathogenic microbes. therefore, it seems that special vaccination strategies are needed for vaccines that can hinder the entry capability of pathogenic microbes through the mucosal surfaces. lactic acid bacteria are widely used in the food industry and are presently applied as delivery vehicles i...

the aims of this study were to determine hippuric acid and toluene in urine samples, airborne toluene levels, health effects, and to describe any correlation between specimen samples. seventy-five printing workers exposed to toluene at work (exposed group), and 60 nonexposed people (control group) were studied. study participants were selected from same factories in the different positions. uri...

abstract background totally implantable central venous access devices (ports) have been available for over 10 years, but have not been achieved widespread use in pediatric oncology patients. ports facilitate the administration of chemotherapy in children with cancer. materials and methods in this study, early complications of implantable central venous access devices in children with different ...

Surveillance of vaccine safety is one of the public health interventions used to investigate the causal relationship between vaccines and adverse events. Using active surveillance data, we aimed to compile a detailed summary describing the safety of the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) vaccine. Computer-assisted telephone interview was used to investigate adverse events for 9,000 subjects who had re...

The package inserts of live viral vaccines include immunodeficiency as a contraindication. Nevertheless, patients with mild forms of immunodeficiency may benefit from vaccination. No published guidelines exist for the administration of these vaccines specifically to patients with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. This syndrome is also sometimes called DiGeorge syndrome and is associated wit...