Whiteflies, Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae, Bemisia tabaci, a complex of morphologically indistinquishable species(5), are vectors of many plant viruses. Several genera of these whitefly-transmitted plant viruses (Begomovirus, Carlavirus, Crinivirus, Ipomovirus, Torradovirus) include several hundred species of emerging and economically significant pathogens of important food and fiber crops (reviewed b...

Over 90% of the insect damage to cowpea seeds is caused by Callosobruchus maculatus. Although, many chemicals have proven their efficacy against C. maculatus, they adversely affect natural environment. Death non-targeted species which are enemies other pests and development resistance possible. Therefore, current study was conducted determine effect plant leaves Murraya koenigii (“Karapincha”),...

The complex biological phenomenon “resistance” can be reduced to single Mendelian traits acting on both the plant and the pathogen side in a number o f pathosystems. According to the “gene-for-gene hypothesis”, the outcome o f a plant/pathogen interaction in these cases is in­ compatibility if a plant carrying a particular resistance gene and a pathogen with the comple­ mentary avirulence gene ...

Genetically modified, insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn, Zea mays L., hybrids are used throughout the Corn Belt for European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), control. To slow development of Bt corn resistance, the Environmental Protection Agency requires growers to plant a refuge. Determining the appropriate distance between a refuge and Bt corn, and...