We studied the effects of clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonist, and yohimbine, an alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonist, on blood pressure, heart rate, and plasma catecholamines in 12 patients with autonomic dysfunction. Clonidine (0.1 mg, orally) lowered blood pressure 18 +/- 3 torr in six subjects and raised it 5 +/- 1 torr in six. The change in blood pressure in response to this dose of ...

Previous studies have demonstrated that the metabolic syndrome is associated with impaired skeletal muscle arteriolar function, although integrating observations into a conceptual framework for impaired perfusion in peripheral vascular disease (PVD) has been limited. This study builds on previous work to evaluate in situ arteriolar hemodynamics in cremaster muscle of obese Zucker rats (OZR) to ...

BACKGROUND It is a matter of great importance in a donation after cardiac death to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) related to the inevitable warm ischemic time. METHODS Donor dogs were rendered cardiac-dead and left at room temperature. The dogs were allocated into 2 groups: the β-2 group (n = 5) received an aerosolized β-2 adrenoreceptor agonist (procaterol, 350 μg) and ventilati...

The effect of intermittent hypoxia (IHx) on blood hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) and the underlying mechanisms were studied in rats exposed to 10% O2, 1 h/day, for up to 5 wk. IHx protocols with longer daily hypoxic exposure show persistent polycythemia; however, it is unknown whether [Hb] increases transiently during hypoxia in protocols without polycythemia. Hypoxia produced a reversible [Hb...

Serum thyroid hormone concentrations were measured before and during 10 days' treatment with atenolol (200 mg/day), acebutolol (400 mg/day), oxprenolol (160 mg/day) and propranolol (160 mg/day) in 24 hyperthyroid patients. During propranolol treatment serum triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations fell significantly (P less than 0.05) but there was no change in thyroid hormone concentrations in the...

266 Metoprolol induces cardiac beta-3 adrenergic receptor and Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor 1 signals to prevent adverse Left-ventricle remodeling and dysfunction after myocardial infarction A. Cannavo1; D. Liccardo1; G. Gambino2; ML. D’amico2; A. Rapacciuolo2; N. Paolocci3; D. Leosco2; WJ. Koch1; N. Ferrara2; G. Rengo4 Temple University School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine,...

We examined the effects of cyclic AMP (cAMP) on the intracellular Ca2+ release in both the intact and skinned arterial smooth muscle. The amount of Ca2+ in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) was estimated indirectly by caffeine-induced contraction of the skinned preparation and directly by caffeine-stimulated 45Ca efflux from the previously labeled skinned preparation. The norepinephrine-induced r...

In 2008, half of the 15 best-selling cardio-vascular drugs (those with sales of over $2 billion), the sartans, were developed over 30 years ago. A lipid-lowering drug developed over 40 years ago (fenofibrate) also made it into the top fifteen. Rare are those developed more recently. One example is ezetimibe developed in the 1990s. Drugs acting on cholesterol levels such as fenofi-brate, ezetimi...

Digital vasospastic phenomena have been reported to result from use of nonselective and cardioselective /3-adrenoreceptor-blocking drugs. The effects of 80 mg/day propranolol and 100 mg/day metoprolol on finger hemodynamics and clinical responses were compared with those of placebo in 16 patients with Raynaud's phenomenon. A double-blind, 2 week crossover study design was used with a 2 week was...