Modern portfolio theory is based on the relationship between risk and return and in this paper, specific uncertainty conditions are introduced as ambiguity which affects the asset pricing. Also, the relationship between risk, ambiguity and return is examined. First, ambiguity is estimated by the means of three-variable and main component method, trading volume, ask-bid spread, error of earnings...

This paper studies a continuous-time market where an agent, having specified an investment horizon and a targeted terminal mean return, seeks to minimize the variance of the return. The optimal portfolio of such a problem is called mean-variance efficient à la Markowitz. It is shown that, when the market coefficients are deterministic functions of time, a mean-variance efficient portfolio reali...

Over the last decade we have witnessed the rise and fall of the so-called new economy stocks. One central question is to what extent these new firms differ from traditional firms. Empirical evidence suggests that stock returns are not normally distributed. In this article we investigate whether this also holds for portfolios of stocks from a growth industry. Furthermore, we will compare this ty...

In an intensifying competition banks are forced to develop and implement enterprise wide integrated risk-return management systems. Financial risks have to be limited and managed from a bank wide portfolio perspective. Risk management rules must be accomplished from internal and regulatory points of view. Expected returns need to be maximized subject to these constraints, leading to a generaliz...

The analysis of risk-return tradeoffs and their practical applications to portfolio analysis paved the way for Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT), which won Harry Markowitz a 1992 Nobel Prize in Economics. A typical approach in measuring a portfolio's expected return is based on the historical returns of the assets included in a portfolio. On the other hand, portfolio risk is usually measured using ...

Portfolio optimization requires the minimal risk with certain expected return. The risk structure of securities, such as their exposure to countries, industrial sectors, or commodity/factor, have to be characterized, and then the optimal weights of securities in a portfolio can be determined to minimize the exposure of the portfolio to any specific risk factor. Typically, the risk factors are n...

One of the most important problems faced by every investor is asset allocation. An investor during making investment decisions has to search for equilibrium between risk and returns. Risk ‎and ‎return are uncertain parameters in ‎the ‎suggested portfolio optimization models and should be estimated to solve the‎problem. The estimation might‎ lead ‎to ‎large ‎error in the final decision. One of t...

Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) is based upon the classical Markowitz model which uses variance as a risk measure. A generalisation of this approach leads to mean-risk models, in which a return distribution is characterised by the expected value of return (desired to be large) and a ”risk” value (desired to be kept small). Portfolio choice is made by solving an optimisation problem, in which the ...

In this study, we focused on Tehran stock exchange market analysis based on applying moving average rules. The Tehran stock exchange in the Middle East has evolved into an exciting and growing marketplace where individual and institutional investor trade securities of over 420 companies. In an attempt to examine the ability to earn excess return by exploiting moving average rules, the average a...

Efficient portfolio design is a principal challenge in modern computational finance. Optimization based on Markowitz two-objective mean-variance approach is computationally expensive for real financial world. Practical portfolio design introduces further complexity as it requires the optimization of multiple return and risk measures. Some of these measures are nonlinear and nonconvex. The probl...