Background The survival for pediatric leukemia patients is approaching 90%, but there are patient subgroups that fare poorly including those with relapsed, or high-risk, acute lymphocytic and acute myeloid leukemia (ALL and AML, respectively). For these reasons, there is an unprecedented need for more effective therapies. Adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) has been shown to be an effective anti-tu...

Location: 3q25.2 Note: Membrane metallo-endopeptidase (MME) is a 100-kD type II transmembrane glycoprotein originally described on human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines and therefore it was originally designated as common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen (CALLA). MME is a neutral endopeptidase that cleaves peptides at the amino side of hydrophobic residues and inactivates several pept...

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, an enzyme which catalyzes the polymerization of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates, elongating oligo- or polydeoxynucleotide chains, but without direction from a nucleic acid template, is thought to be specific for thymus gland and thymus-derived cells. We have confirmed the observations that high levels are characteristic of thymus gland with both human an...

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, an enzyme which catalyzes the polymerization of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates, elongating oligoor polydeoxynucleotide chains, but without direction from a nucleic acid template, is thought to be specific for thymus gland and thymusderived cells. We have confirmed the observations that high levels are characteristic of thymus gland with both human and c...

AML: acute myeloid leukemia INTRODUCTION Bullous drug eruptions are cutaneous dermal hypersensitivity reactions to systemically administered medications. Classically, these eruptions appear 5 to 14 days after the initiation of the offending agent. On histopathologic examination, dermal hypersensitivity reactions are characterized by a superficial perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate, often with ...

Indeterminate biliary strictures represent a diagnostic challenge requiring further work-up, which encompasses a variety of diagnostic modalities. We report a very rare case of B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia presenting as a biliary stricture following remission of acute myeloid leukemia, which was initially treated with allogenic stem cell transplant. After multiple diagnostic modalities wer...

Fuzzy expert systems are one of the most practical intelligent models with the high potential for managing uncertainty associated to the medical diagnosis. In this paper, a fuzzy inference system (FIS) for diagnosing of acute lymphocytic leukemia in children has been introduced. The fuzzy expert system applies Mamdani reasoning model that has high interpretability to explain system results to e...

Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) has been demonstrated during relapse in the cells in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) in a patient with the clinical features of acute T cell lymphocytic leukemia which suggests this isozyme may be a marker for malignant transformation of some types of lymphocytes. The presence of TRAP may be helpful in establishing the diagnosis of a lymphocytic malign...

Leukemia is a clonal proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. The four broad subtypes most likely to be encountered by primary care physicians are acute lymphoblastic, acute myelogenous, chronic lymphocytic, and chronic myelogenous. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia occurs more often in children, whereas the other subtypes are more common in adults. Risk factors include a geneti...