Inherent abnormalities of myelin have been suggested in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated myelin in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) patients by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis for citrulline, a marker of immature myelin. A citrulline peak was observed in the normal appearing white matter of 7/15 patients and of ...

Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte (MOG)-positive cases have a variable clinical presentation. MOG autoantibodies are associated with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiple sclerosis, clinically isolated syndrome, neuromyelitis optica, optic neuritis, and transverse myelitis. Our patient had bilateral neuritis tetraparesis. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed leptomeningeal contras...

THE investigation of nervous diseases caused by viruses requires close co-operation between clinical and experimental workers. The present paper is the summary of such co-operative work performed by a neuro-histologist and a team of workers in virus diseases. Its chief purpose is to throw some light upon the etiology and pathogenesis ofacute disseminated encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis...

Central nervous system demyelinating processes such as multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis constitute a group of diseases not completely understood in their physiopathology. Environmental and toxic insults are thought to play a role in priming autoimmunity. The aim of the present report is to describe a case of acute demyelinating disease with fatal outcome occurring 15 ...

We report the autopsy findings for a 45-year-old man with polyradiculoneuropathy and fatal acute disseminated encephalomyelitis after having Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. M. pneumoniae antigens were demonstrated by immunohistochemical analysis of brain tissue, indicating neuroinvasion as an additional pathogenetic mechanism in central neurologic complications of M. pneumoniae infection.

BACKGROUND Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an autoimmune disease that typically follows a monophasic course and may affect any age group. The precise population-based incidence of ADEM is still unknown in most countries. In China, there is no ADEM surveillance system. The exact incidence of ADEM is difficult to estimate, and other epidemiological characteristics of ADEM are unkno...

OBJECTIVE To illustrate through 10 pediatric cases, the clinical features, course, and importance of neuroimaging (especially MRI) in guiding the diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and controlling patients after treatment. METHODS A retrospective review of 10 pediatric cases of ADEM, with special regard to the MRI features, presenting to the Pediatric Departments, Hedi C...

Tetracyclines have antiinflammatory properties. To test the in vitro effect of doxycycline in autoimmune neurological disorders of childhood, peripheral blood lymphocytes from multiple sclerosis (n=11), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (n=12), and control patients (epilepsy and headache, n=12), all aged 5-17, were examined for proliferation, migration, and apoptosis after culture with doxyc...

Abstract Background Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an extremely rare complication of COVID-19 vaccination with very few reports worldwide. Concomitant peripheral nervous tissue involvement in ADEM uncommon. Case presentation We report the case a 52 year aged lady who developed headache and focal neurological deficits after 10 days vaccination. Her evaluation suggested optic neur...

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis will often present to the general paediatrician as an acute polysymptomatic encephalopathy, and initially the diagnosis may not be clear. A brain MRI scan is essential in establishing the diagnosis and so enabling appropriate advice and treatment to be given. Multicentre clinical audit of outcome and controlled therapeutic trials are needed to secure an evid...