BACKGROUND Nociceptive responses to noxious stimuli are initiated at peripheral nociceptor terminals. Ion channels play a vital role in pain signal initiation and conduction. Activation of KATP channels has been implicated in mediating the analgesic effects of agents such as morphine. However, systematic studies regarding the effects of KATP activators on nociception and neuronal excitability a...

Deciphering of the spatial and stereospecific constraints on synergistic transcription activation mediated between activators bound to cis-regulatory elements is important for understanding gene regulation and remains largely unknown. It has been commonly believed that two activators will activate transcription most effectively when they are bound on the same face of DNA double helix and within...

The phenolic profile of the grape berries is a key quality factor for red grapevine varieties and several techniques have been applied to improve it. An innovative technique application resistance elicitors phytohormones. In present study, leaves Greek indigenous variety (Mouhtaro) sprayed with two elicitors, benzothiadiazole chitosan plant hormone abscisic acid, during veraison. Physicochemica...

Abstract Compost is the result of decaying process organic materials due to interaction between decomposing microorganisms found within. a type fertilizer that originates from decomposed materials. Observations at Brikama Market indicated 20 vegetable vendors with least 5 pieces vegetables decaying, market sales decline by approximately kg for every transaction. This study aims determine effect...

Two lines of evidence suggest that the high molecular weight activator of prekallikrein (large activator) (BAGDASARIAN, A., TALAMO, R. C., AND COLMAN, R. W. (1973) J. Biol. Chem. 248, 3456-3463) is derived from coagulation factor XII (Hageman factor). Large activator could not be isolated from plasma congenitally deficient in factor XII, and partial immunologic identity was demonstrated between...

Several lines of evidence suggest that the prototypical amphipathic transcriptional activators Gal4, Gcn4, and VP16 interact with the key coactivator Med15 (Gal11) during transcription initiation despite little sequence homology. Recent cross-linking data further reveal that at least two of the activators utilize the same binding surface within Med15 for transcriptional activation. To determine...

Activation of SIRT1, an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, prevents retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss in optic neuritis, an inflammatory demyelinating optic nerve disease. While SIRT1 deacetylates numerous protein targets, downstream mechanisms of SIRT1 activation mediating this neuroprotective effect are unknown. SIRT1 increases mitochondrial function and reduces oxidative stress in muscle and other c...

Liver X receptors (LXRs) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are potent regulators of keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation, and epidermal permeability barrier homeostasis. Cholesterol sulfotransferase type 2B isoform 1b (SULT2B1b) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of cholesterol sulfate (CS), a critical regulator of keratinocyte differentiation and desquamation, as wel...

Sodium silicate is commonly used for activating alumina silicates to produce alkali-activated binders that can compete with conventional Portland cement in concrete. However, the cost and emissions related activators hinder use of materials industry. The novel, waste-based have been developed last years, using Si-rich waste streams. Processing glass cullet not only reduces landfill disposal but...