In complete transposition of the great vessels the pulmonary and systemic circulations exist as two separate circuits. Although the pulmonary and the systemic blood flows may vary widely, the effective pulmonary blood flow is often small (Shaher, 1964). While the acid-base balance in the systemic circuit has been studied by several workers (Sunico, Harned, and Ordway, 1960; Gootman, Scarpelli, ...

While long term disturbances in the acid–base balance can disturb the normal growth and development, acute short term, but severe changes in pH, can also be drastic. The body's acid base balance is maintained by different organ systems, including the lungs and the kidneys, along with the intracellular and extracellular buffer systems. A human body’s normal pH ranges from 7.35-7.45. pH and hydro...

We compared the acid-base balance in broiler chickens provided diets containing 2 dietary electrolyte balances (DEB), and administered with either adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) or saline solution. Diets were moderate (174 mEq/kg) or high (241 mEq/kg) DEB formulated by altering Na-K-Cl based on actual analysis. The experiment was designed as a split plot, with the main unit consisting of 4 ...

While long term disturbances in the acid–base balance can disturb the normal growth and development, acute short term, but severe changes in pH, can also be drastic. The body's acid base balance is maintained by different organ systems, including the lungs and the kidneys, along with the intracellular and extracellular buffer systems. A human body’s normal pH ranges from 7.35-7.45. pH and hydro...

Ear lobe blood pHa, PaCo2, PaO2, and O2 saturation (SaO2) were measured in healthy Caucasians and Sherpas at 3400 m (Namche Bazaar, Nepal, n = 4/5), 5050 m (Pyramid Laboratory, Lobuche, Nepal, n = 20/5) and 6450 m (Camp II of Mt Everest, n = 11/7). In the investigated altitude range, pHa increased progressively with altitude from 7.463 +/- 0.005 (mean +/- SE) to 7.496 +/- 0.006 in Caucasians wh...

Thirty four infants were studied; 21 with acute gastroenteritis, dehydration, and metabolic acidosis and 13 who served as controls. All infants with metabolic acidosis and without neurological signs had a normal to near normal cerebrospinal fluid acid base balance, but five with metabolic acidosis and severe neurological signs had cerebrospinal fluid acid base disequilibrium. Acute metabolic ac...

Arterial PCO2, hydrogen ion ([H+]a), and lactate ([L]a) concentrations, rates of metabolic CO2 production (VCO2) and O2 consumption (VO2), and effective alveolar ventilation (Veff) were determined in the lizards Varanus exanthematicus and Iguana iguana at rest and during steady-state treadmill exercise at 35 degrees C. In Varanus, VCO2 increased ninefold and VO2 sixfold without detectable rise ...

There has been renewed interest in quantifying acid-base disorders in the intensive care unit. One of the methods that has become increasingly used to calculate acid-base balance is the Stewart model. This model is briefly discussed in terms of its origin, its relationship to other methods such as the base excess approach, and the information it provides for the assessment and treatment of acid...

Normal and nephrectomized SpragueDawley rats were treated with CoCI2 at three dose levels, 10, 20, and 25 tm/ 100 g body weight. The effects of this drug on acid-base balance were related to the production of erythropoietin. Within 6 hr after the administration of CoCI2 to normal rats, a dose-related respiratory alkalosis occurred associated with an increase in the affinity of hemoglobin for ox...