In this study, new fumarate compounds (I-IV) containing some natural phenols (eugenol, guaiacol, isoeugenol and vanillin) were synthesized characterized. The single crystal X-ray diffraction technique was used to determine the structures of all compounds. All evaluated as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory, especially compound IV (IC50 =5.25±0.51 µg/mL), can be identified a promising anti-a...

OBJECTIVE This article reviews evidence indicating that acetylcholinesterase inhibitors have psychotropic properties. METHOD The author reviewed the English-language literature pertinent to the response of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease and related conditions to cholinergic agents. RESULTS The cholinergic system originates in the basal forebrain and projects diffusely to t...

Due to the diversity of biological activities that can be found in aquatic ecosystems, marine metabolites have been an active area of drug discovery for the last 30 years. Marine metabolites have been found to inhibit a number of enzymes important in the treatment of human disease. Here, we focus on marine metabolites that inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which is the cellular target fo...

Tabun (O-ethyl-N,N-dimethyl phosphoramidocyanidate) belongs to highly toxic organophosphorus compounds misused as chemical warfare agents for military as well as terroristic purposes. It differs from other highly toxic organophosphates by its chemical structure and by the fact that tabun-inhibited acetylcholinesterase is extraordinarily difficult to reactivate. The potency of trimedoxime and ot...

Nematode parasites secrete molecules which regulate the mammalian immune system, but their genetic intractability is a major impediment to identifying and characterising the biological effects of these molecules. We describe here a novel system for heterologous expression of helminth secreted proteins in the natural parasite of mice, Trypanosoma musculi, which can be used to analyse putative im...

Hess and Rockland [Hess and Rockland (1983) Brain Res. 289, 322-325] proposed that the distribution of acetylcholinesterase within the lateral geniculate nucleus might correlate with the daily activity patterns shown by primates. In diurnal primates, the magnocellular laminae show a greater acetylcholinesterase reaction product. In nocturnal primates, the parvocellular laminae are more heavily ...

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a widely used enzyme for inhibition-based biosensors in pesticide residues detection, lags due to multiple-step operation, time-consuming incubation and reactivation/regeneration steps. Herein, this endeavour reports the development of Organophosphate Hydrolase (OPH), which has functional superiority over AChE explored on-spot biosensing device organophosphate resid...

The fast and accurate identification of nerve tracts is critical for successful nerve anastomosis. Taking advantage of differences in acetylcholinesterase content between the spinal ventral and dorsal roots, we developed a novel quartz crystal microbalance method to distinguish between these nerves based on acetylcholinesterase antibody reactivity. The acetylcholinesterase antibody was immobili...

The role of presynaptic muscarinic autoreceptors in the initiation of phasic acetylcholine release at frog and mouse neuromuscular junctions was studied by measuring the dependence of the amount (m) of acetylcholine release on the level of presynaptic depolarization. Addition of methoctramine, (a blocker of M2 muscarinic receptors), or of acetylcholinesterase, increased release in a voltage-dep...