The ordered open-end bin packing problem is a variant of the bin packing problem in which the items to be packed are sorted in a given order and the capacity of each bin can be exceeded by the last item packed into the bin. We present a branch-and-price algorithm for its exact optimization. The pricing subproblem is a special variant of the binary knapsack problem, in which the items are ordere...

Background: The calculation of the sample size is one of the most important steps in designing a randomized controlled trial. The purpose of this study is drawing the attention of researchers to the importance of calculating and reporting the sample size in randomized controlled trials.    Methods: We reviewed related literature and guidelines and discussed some important issues in s...

Adult insects entering 34 bins (36-238 t capacity) storing newly harvested hard red winter wheat on 12 farms in Kansas were sampled from July through December 1998 using ventilation traps. Insects moving through the grain stored in these bins were sampled using probe traps. During the fourth week of storage, probe traps captured Cryptolestes ferrugineus in all bins, Ahasverus advena in 32 bins,...

In the foreign fibers cleaning process, pseudo-foreign fibers are often mistaken for foreign fibers, this result not only seriously affects the detecting precision of foreign fibers cleaning machine, but also doubles the time of cleaning up lint. As for false identification problem of pseudo-foreign fibers in cotton, this paper proposes a new approach for fast segmentation of pseudo-foreign fib...

Previous studies have suggested that spontaneous fluctuations in neuronal activity reflect intrinsic functional brain architecture. Inspired by these findings, we analyzed baseline neuronal activity in the monkey frontal eye field (FEF; a visuomotor area) and area V4 (a visual area) during the fixation period of a cognitive behavioral task in the absence of any task-specific stimuli or behavior...

Consider a set of non-cooperative agents acting in an environment in which each agent attempts to maximize a private utility function. As each agent maximizes its private utility we desire a global ”world” utility function to in turn be maximized. The inverse problem induced from this situation is the following: How does each agent choose his move so that while he optimizes his private utility,...

Bin covering takes as input a list of item sizes and places them into bins of unit demand so as to maximize the number of bins whose demand is satissed. This is in a sense a dual problem to the classical one-dimensional bin packing problem, but has for many years lagged behind the latter as far as the quality of the best approximation algorithms. We design algorithms for this problem that close...

The 2297 strain of Bacillus sphaericus produces a crystal of the Bin (binary) toxin that is approximately fourfold larger than that of strain 2362, the strain currently used in VectoLex, a commercial mosquito larvicide. Comparison of the regions downstream from the bin operon in these two strains showed that strain 2362 contained a 1.6-kb region with four orf genes not found in strain 2297. Ins...

The article discusses the problem of choosing a method for calculating population size feasibility studies in transport modelling design road network cities northern regions Russian Federation, using example city Novy Urengoy. objective study is to determine optimal forecasting obtain initial data modelling. During development Urengoy, features demographic structure Federation affecting choice ...

This comprehensive work explores the research performed inoptimization of the collection bin and in recycle bin location-allocation issues in solidwaste management. Although the collection phase of solid waste management accountsfor a significant proportion of the municipal budget, it has attracted only limitedattention of the researchers. Optimization of the collection bin and recycle bin loca...