Despite the evidence for consensual accommodation in response to consensual accommodative stimuli, only a few studies have investigated the binocular accommodative response to unequal (aniso) accommodative stimuli. Past studies investigating an unequal binocular accommodative response (aniso-accommodation) to aniso-accommodative stimuli have been limited by viewing conditions and measurement te...

Tonic aftereffects of accommodation were investigated under three open loop conditions; Maxwellian view (pin hole pupil), empty field, and darkness. Duration of accommodative aftereffects, following 5 sec of adaptation, ranged within several seconds for all three open loop conditions. After adapting for 1 min to a 2-D stimulus, the duration of accommodative aftereffects increased by approximate...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare the accommodative performance of the amblyopic eye of children with unilateral amblyopia to that of their nonamblyopic eye, and also to that of children without amblyopia, during both monocular and binocular viewing. METHODS Modified Nott retinoscopy was used to measure accommodative performance of 38 subjects with unilateral amblyopia and 25 s...

Vertical accommodative vergence is an unusual synkinesis in which vertical vergence is modulated together with accommodation. It results from a supranuclear miswiring of the network normally conveying accommodative convergence. So far, it is unknown whether this condition is congenital or acquired. We identified an otherwise healthy girl who gradually developed vertical accommodative vergence b...

BACKGROUND Patients with 'A' or 'V' pattern esotropia without vertical muscle overaction have traditionally been treated with medial rectus recession and vertical transposition of the muscle insertions. METHOD Seven cases are presented treated by slanting muscle insertions, whereby the lower margin of the medial rectus is preferentially recessed more than the upper margin in esotropia, and th...

PURPOSE To identify the characteristics of adult patients who develop acute concomitant esotropia of adulthood. DESIGN Retrospective noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS Ten patients were included in this study. INTERVENTION The charts of all adults with acute-onset concomitant esotropia who were examined at our institute between 1990 and 1997 were reviewed, and those who had develope...

Purpose To report a case of inferior rectus muscle hypoplasia with esotropia, which was treated successfully by resection and anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle. Observations A 1-year-old boy presented with esotropia. He had esotropia of 15-30° and intermittent left hypertropia. At the age of 3 years, the alternate prism cover test showed esotropia of 35Δ and left hypertrop...

PURPOSE To investigate the development pattern and related factors of postoperative re-drift in infantile esotropia. METHODS A total of 112 patients with infantile esotropia who underwent surgery before 3 years of age were included. Surgical outcomes were divided into (1) consecutive exotropia: more than 8 prism diopters (PD) of exodeviation; (2) recurrent esotropia: more than 8 PD of esodevi...

Introduction: To compare various accommodative parameters in prepresbyopic diabetic patients with age-matched healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: Study population consisted of 32 younger-onset diabetic patients (30-40 years of age) and 28 age-matched healthy normal individuals. Using the best correction for distance visual acuity (20.20 by Snellen chart), multiple accommodative ability ...