The study looked at language teachers’ views of their students’ disengagement in e-learning during COVID-19. It described efforts on how to engage the learners beyond screen, where teachers have no control, and overcome issues disturbing engagement, motivation, achievement. learning engagement as an important requirement e-learning, which is influenced by social factors including communication ...

In the past, students in England and Wales born within the first five months of the academic year could leave school one term earlier than those born later in the year. Focusing on women, those who were required to stay on an extra term more frequently hold some academic qualification. Using having been required to stay on as an exogenous factor affecting academic attainment, we find that holdi...