Iron deficiency and related iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) are the most prevalent nutritional disorders worldwide. The standard treatment involves supplementation with solid or liquid iron supplement preparations, usually based on a ferrous salt such as ferrous sulphate, ferrous fumarate, or ferrous gluconate. In the present study, we compared iron uptake and absorption from various solid and li...

1. The absorption of radioactive cobalamin was measured by a whole-body counting technique in control subjects and in patients with pernicious anaemia. 2. The absorption of cyanocobalamin by patients with pernicious anaemia was decreased by charcoal but not by bile or saliva. 3. The absorption of cyanocobalamin by control subjects was not affected by food but was significantly increased by pent...

to date, the effects of nanoparticles on woody plants remain unaddressed. this study reveals some of the physiological and biochemical effects of sio2 nanoparticles on wild pear seedlings. the seedlings were irrigated with different concentrations of nano silica (0, 10, 100, 500 and 1000 mg/l) for 14 days. nanoparticle adsorption and absorption, biomass allocation, gas exchange, relative water ...

Vegetation indices (VIs) are among the oldest tools in remote sensing studies. Although many variations exist, most of them ratio the reflection of light in the red and NIR sections of the spectrum to separate the landscape into water, soil, and vegetation. Theoretical analyses and field studies have shown that VIs are near-linearly related to photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by a p...

Triglycerides and cholesterol are important biological lipids, and their excessive intake in the diet is relevant to the development of two prevalent cardiovascular risk factors, obesity and hypercholesterolemia. Because most lipids are essentially water-insoluble molecules, their transport within and absorption from the aqueous medium of intestinal contents is rather complex. This takes place ...

A previously presented physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model for immediate release (IR) methylphenidate (MPH) was extended to characterize the pharmacokinetic behaviors of oral extended release (ER) MPH formulations in adults for the first time. Information on the anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, together with the biopharmaceutical properties of MPH, was integrat...

The function of water for plants is crucial, including playing the roles in metabolic reactions. aims this article are to give information on effects drought stress plant morphology, physiology, and biochemistry, as well mitigation methods management production. Plants manage using a mechanism, namely escape, avoidance tolerance. Drought escape ability accelerate flowering or life cycle, reduce...