Levetiracetam (LEV), an SV2A inhibitor is a widely available anti-epileptic drug that used to treat range of partial and generalized seizure juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. It generally well tolerated deemed safe due the absence drug-to-drug interaction. Despite its safety, there are adverse effects can lead discontinuation this anti-seizure medication. Some reported infrequent mood-related change...

PURPOSE Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to identify areas of brain activation during absence seizures in an awake animal model. METHODS Blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI in the brain was measured by using T2*-weighted echo planar imaging at 4.7 Tesla. BOLD imaging was performed before, during, and after absence seizure induction by using gamma-butyrolactone (...

Interaction of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), pentobarbital and two neuroactive steroids on t-butylbicyclophosphorothionate ([35S]TBPS) binding to GABAA receptors in thalamus was studied during absence seizures. In control brain sections, the steroids alphaxalone and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (at low 0.1-1 microM concentrations) increased [35S]TBPS binding in thalamic relay nuclei. Both GA...

PURPOSE Evaluate the efficacy of carbamazepine in the treatment of idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). METHOD The response of five patients with IGE, who experienced primarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures which were refractory to multiple antiepileptic drugs, is reported. RESULTS Carbamazepine controlled multiple seizure types and did not induce or increase the frequency of myocloni...

A patient with medically intractable seizures and mesial temporal sclerosis underwent a left anterior temporal lobectomy and amygdalohippocampectomy. After 4 months, his seizures recurred and a left temporal, subdural grid of electrodes was placed to localise his seizure focus. Stimulation through the grid evoked four distinct "memories", or experiential phenomena, despite absence of the ipsila...

Corpus callosotomy (CC) has been employed in the management of intractable epilepsy since 1940’ and should be considered for patients with generalized falling seizures with physical injury, recurrent life-threatening generalized convulsive status epilepticus or atypical absence status’. CC is especially useful in improving seizure control in patients with tonic and atonic seizures3 and those wi...

The myriad genetic associations with idiopathic (primary) generalized epilepsies (IGE) are challenging to both researchers and caregivers. There are numerous mutations, among them voltagegated sodium, potassium, and calcium channels and ligand-gated GABA receptors. A variety of mutations may produce similar phenotypes, while, equally troublesome, single mutations may produce a range of phenotyp...

BACKGROUND Seizure as the initial manifestation of aortic dissection is rare. CASE REPORT An 88-year-old female experienced a first generalized tonic clonic seizure, which was terminated with midazolam. Acute cerebral magnetic resonance imaging and angiography were non-informative. After awaking she complained about cramping pain in the right upper extremity, which was accompanied by involunt...

The characteristic electroclinical features of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) have been extensively reported, but the influence of the constellation of slow spike-and-wave (SSW) complexes with multiple seizure types (including atypical absence seizures [AAS] and tonic seizures [TS]) on patients with this syndrome is still unclear. We report the case of a 28-year-old woman who developed AAS and b...

OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis to identify preoperative factors associated with a good seizure outcome in children with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex undergoing resective epilepsy surgery. DATA SOURCES Electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Web of Science), archives of major epilepsy and neurosurgery meetings, and bibliographies ...