in order to arrive at a better understanding of resurrecting individuals, one should consider theories of soul and, more specifically, that saying the sameness between soul and temperament. advocates of this theory assert that soul is the efficient cause for the appearance of biotic effects. they also maintain that this efficient cause (i.e. soul) is an accident called temperament and, hence, s...

The Tibetan Book of the Dead is actually a manual for the living. It details the journey each soul must make ofter death as reported back by meditators who used their lives to journey on other planes and bring back information about how reality is constructed. What can we expect after death? The Tibetan Book of the Dead is a guide for the soul, but also is related to every day life. Once you re...

There is no doubt that occidental conceptions of health and disease harbour Cartesian assumptions thus unfolding far-reaching social and political implications. In accordance with the opinion of medical historians, ethicists and epistemologists, the dualistic image of humanity (Menschenbild) exerted a determining impact on medical science and practice most notably since the dissemination of Des...

creativity or uncreativity of the rational soul is one of the oldest problem of philosophy. ibn sina by giving some proofs has proven the creativity of the rational soul. fakhr ad-din ar razi has propsed several critics to each of the avecina’s argument. in this article, we are going to prove that, the origin of razi’s critics is his misunderstanding in ibn sina’s philosophical views in potenti...