In this article, I interrogate the exhaustive “inbetweenness” through which Bhutan is understood and located on a map (“inbetween India China”). argue that understanding naturalizes contemporary geopolitics with little depth about how inbetweenness has shifted over centuries, thereby constructing timeless, obscure, remote “naturally” oriented southward. trace construction of Bhutan's asymmetric...

classicism is the first literary school that emerged in europe after the great scientific movement in the 16th century a.d. and tried to revive the old literature of greece and latin considering the technical and humanistic themes in that era. literary societies like divan and apolo in the east and the society of writers and andolosian group in the west in opposition to the classicism of barood...

muwashshah is a poetic form which originated in andalus (the present-day spain) in the third century after hegira, and much has been said on its first composer, andalusian origin, and definition. while many researchers admit that they are uninformed concerning the causes or the justifying reasons for the emergence of muwashshah, they consider in both old and new books several factors as the maj...

This paper reviews over two centuries of research focusing on various issues relating to adipocere. Adipocere is a crumbly, soap-like postmortem product that forms from soft tissue in a variety of environments. The timing of the formation and degradation of adipocere depends largely on the environmental circumstances. Once formed, adipocere can persist for hundreds of years, acting as a preserv...

This article explores an obscure project in architectural history that a bank commissioned interdisciplinary group of advisors to undertake the mid-1990s. The task was provide models participants design competition for banknotes new currency — were not be reproduced but only stylized, concealing any specific historical reference. After winner determined through opinion poll, unexpected by-produ...

This article examines the content of the Middle East term in terms of international relations. The term of East which goes back to ancient times, has been used to describe the rest, outside of Europe in cultural expressions instead of a geographical region to portray opposite world for centuries. Since the Crusades, East (Orient) was identified with Islam and West (Occident) became identical wi...

Vivax malaria was endemic on the Korean peninsula for many centuries until the late 1970's when the Republic of Korea (ROK) was declared "malaria free". Since its re-emergence in 1993, the number of malaria cases in the military increased exponentially through 2000 near the demilitarized zone. Chemoprophylaxis with chloroquine and primaquine has been used in the ROK Army since 1997 in an attemp...

The paper describes in detail economic and cultural premises for the emergence of “Enlightenment project” European countries, stages, options development project, its impact on international relations during colonial period. also provides examples Eastern societies that have generated quite successful models, which, nevertheless, could not resist military, ideological expansion Western which pl...

Little is known about the state of experimentation in the field of medicine during the Medieval Islamic era. With few exceptions, most of the contemporary sources on history of medicine propagate the idea that the roots of experimental medicine in its modern form, including clinical trials and drug-potency studies, first started during the European Renaissance in the 16(th) to the 18(th) centur...