background : many  helicobacter pylori strains express adhesin proteins that bind to specific  host-cell  macromolecule  receptors,  like sialic acid binding adhesion ( saba ).    saba-expressing  strains have been associated with gastric cancer  and  negatively  associated   with  duodenal   ulcers. the  aim  of  this study  was  to  determine   the  status  of   saba   gene  of   h.  pylori  ...

The root cap is increasingly appreciated as a complex and dynamic plant organ. Root caps sense and transmit environmental signals, synthesize and secrete small molecules and macromolecules, and in some species shed metabolically active cells. However, it is not known whether root caps are essential for normal shoot and root development. We report the identification of a root cap-specific promot...

fusarium wilt of chickpea, caused by f. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, is one of the most important diseases of this plant in iran. in order to control this disease, fluorescent pseudomonads were isolated from the rhizosphere of chickpea plants in khorasan province by using king,s b medium (kb). antifungal activity of 80 bacterial strains against f. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris was evaluated on kb and p...

The AP2/ERF family is a plant-specific transcription factor family whose members have been associated with various developmental processes and stress tolerance. Here, we functionally characterized the drought-inducible OsERF48, a group Ib member of the rice ERF family with four conserved motifs, CMI-1, -2, -3 and -4. A transactivation assay in yeast revealed that the C-terminal CMI-1 motif was ...

We consider a nonhomogeneous linear delay difference equation with continuous variable and establish an asymptotic result for the solutions. Our result is obtained by the use of a positive root with an appropriate property of the so-called characteristic equation of the corresponding homogeneous linear (autonomous) delay difference equation. More precisely, we show that, for any solution, the l...

This article addresses the concept of authenticity, a characteristic of late modern Western culture. This characteristic is viewed by some as an ideal and by others as a root of the problems inherent within Western culture. After discussing various viewpoints, the author supports the idea that authenticity should not be totally accepted or rejected and sets forth a proposal based on the so-call...

Background: Splicing by overlap extension (SOE) PCR is used to create mutation in the coding sequence of an enzyme in order to study the role of specific residues in protein’s structure and function. Objectives: We introduced a nested-SOE-PCR (N –SOE-PCR) in order to increase the specificity and generating mutations in a gene by SOE-PCR.   Materials and Methods: Genomic DNA from Bacillus thermo...

Auxin signaling events in plants play important role in developmental regulation as well as gravitropic responses and plays crucial role in the development of root, lateral root and root hairs. The gene that is known to be most important in the development of root, lateral root and root hairs is commonly known as auxin efflux carrier (PIN). Being commonly known as orphan plant, the genome seque...

The protein family of anion channel (ClC) constitute a family of transmembrane trnsporters that either function as anion channel or as H+/anion exchanger. The expression of three genes of AtClCa, AtClCb and AtClCd in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana were silenced by a T-DNA insertion . When the pH of the medium was slightly acidic the length of the primary root of plants with a disrupted At...