Background: The rule "anyone who has the power over things" is one of the legal rules that the jurists of Islam have been referring to for more than a thousand years and it is very useful in trials and even administrative authorities. It is also one of the most important and practical rules in civil and jurisprudential law because it is closely related to confession, which is one of the main...

the islamic law considers people’s financial affairs as important and has devised special rules for it so that the citizens may live under their protection. strictness on the usurper of other people’s properties is part of these rules so that no one would dare to encroach upon other people’s properties. this strictness in confronting the usurpers of rights is implied from the traditions and rul...

The aim of this paper is determination of an optimal policy rule for Iranian economy from an Islamic perspective. This study draws on an Islamic instrument known as the Musharakah contract to design a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model. In this model the interest rate is no longer considered as a monetary policy instrument and the focus is on the impact of economic shocks on the Dynam...

T he world economy has experienced a bulk of positive and negative shocks in crude oil prices and exchange rates over the years, and that global inflation has undergone some changes. Such shocks have affected the macroeconomic variables in the countries of the world and have challenged the economies of these countries, and have led them to take different measures to protect themselves agai...

Fuzzy Newton-Cotes method for integration of fuzzy functions that was proposed by Ahmady in [1]. In this paper we construct error estimate of fuzzy Newton-Cotes method such as fuzzy Trapezoidal rule and fuzzy Simpson rule by using Taylor's series. The corresponding error terms are proven by two theorems. We prove that the fuzzy Trapezoidal rule is accurate for fuzzy polynomial of degree one and...

the issue of the property of computer data is veryimportant in different sciences such as religiousjurisprudence, law, economy and even computer science.the proof for the property of such data can have someeffects as well as civil and criminal acts. the nature ofthese data and their property require essential explanation.in this study, computer data is defined and then, it iscompared with diffe...

In this article, a Multi-Objective Memetic Algorithm (MA) for rule learning is proposed. Prediction accuracy and interpretation are two measures that conflict with each other. In this approach, we consider accuracy and interpretation of rules sets. Additionally, individual classifiers face other problems such as huge sizes, high dimensionality and imbalance classes’ distribution data sets. This...