The article by Coates et al. (1) adds interesting evidence that a low 2D:4D ratio in men predicts success, not only in sports (2, 3) or music (4), but also in job performance. According to the authors, low-2D:4D traders perform better (i.e., they earn more) because of basic characteristics: rapid visuomotor scanning and physical reflexes. However, they overlook another frugal explanation for th...

The study was to describe and to compare the performance of 3D and 4D CBCT imaging modalities by measuring and analyzing the delivered dose and the image quality. The 3D (Chest) and 4D (Symmetry) CBCT Elekta XVI lung IGRT protocols were analyzed. Dose profiles were measured with TLDs inside a dedicated phantom. The dosimetric indicator cone-beam dose index (CBDI) was evaluated. The image qualit...

Objective. To determine the prevalence of missed lesions for parathyroid 4-dimensional computed tomography (4D CT) and scintigraphy and to describe the factors leading to missed lesions for both modalities. Study Design. Case series with chart review. Setting. Single center, hospital based. Subjects and Methods. Forty patients undergoing 4D CT and scintigraphy before parathyroidectomy between J...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate 4-dimensional (4D) computed tomography (CT) for the localization of parathyroid adenomas previously considered nonlocalizing on ultrasound and single-photon emission CT with CT scanning (SPECT-CT). To measure radiation exposure associated with 4D-CT and compared it with SPECT-CT. STUDY DESIGN Case series with chart review. SETTING University tertiary hospital. SUBJEC...

In this paper we present the XIMPEL interactive video platform. XIMPEL has been developed for the Clima Futura climate game, in which we use interactive video as a basis for scenario-driven games, with additional mini-games for elaborating on specific topics or tasks that arise during game play. XIMPEL has also been deployed in education, for creating short viral videos which allow for further ...

This paper analyses the contribution that cultural activities make to social integration and satisfaction with life for older adults, using a nationally representative Dutch sample. Older people participate less frequently in social gatherings and have fewer close contacts than the adult population in general. They also experience increased feelings of loneliness. In contrast, older Dutch adult...

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different feed restriction periods on the growth performance as well as the biochemical and fatty acid compositions of fillet in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish with an average initial weight of 64.80±7.41g were used in the study. The trial lasted 60 days and 4 different feeding diets were alternately applied to the fish. The contro...

Recent improvements have been made to the use of time-resolved, three-dimensional phase-contrast (PC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is also named four-dimensional (4D) PC-MRI or 4D flow MRI, in the investigation of spatial and temporal variations in hemodynamic features in cardiovascular blood flow. The present article reviews the principle and analytical procedures of 4D PC-MRI. Vari...

The 'Salpeter Equation' which has long been known as the 3D version of the 4D Bethe-Salpeter Equation under the Instantaneous Approximation, has a well-defined rationale that stems from the half-century old Markov-Yukawa Transversality Principle (M Y T P) which not only effects an exact 3D reduction from the original (4D) BS form, but also provides an equally exact reconstruction of the 4D BS a...

BACKGROUND Tricuspid valve (TV) regurgitation (TR) is a common complication of pulmonary hypertension and right-sided congenital heart disease, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Estimation of TR severity by echocardiography and conventional cardiovasvular magnetic resonance (CMR) is not well validated and has high variability. 4D velocity-encoded (4D-flow) CMR was used to measu...