Leaf and woody plant tissue (Pinus ponderosa, Eucalyptus saligna, Quercus gambelli, Saccharum officinarum and Oriza sativa) were heated from 30 to 300C and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions were identified and quantified. Major VOC emissions were mostly oxygenated and included acetic acid, furylaldehyde, acetol, pyrazine, terpenes, 2,3-butadione, phenol and methanol, as well as smaller ...

A total of 24 yeast strains were tested for their capacity to produce ethanol, and of these, 8 were characterized by the best ethanol yields (73.11-8 1.78%). The most active mutant Saccharomyce s cerevisiae ER-A, resistant to ethanol stress, was characterized by high resistance to acidic (pH 1.0 and 2.0), oxidative (1 and 2% of H2O2), and high temperature (45 and 52 degrees C) stresses. During ...

It has long been recognized that lignin is a potential renewable source of chemicals, however, there has been only limited success in the commercialization of processes for converting lignin into chemicals [1,2]. Alkaline hydrolysis of lignin has received considerable attention because the reagents are relatively inexpensive and the phenolic products obtained are of potential value [1]. The mos...

Although the tile-joints of bathrooms are highly alkaline, it is well known that many microorganisms, especially certain fungi, can grow preferentially in such environments.i) Thus, attempts to prevent microbial growth in bathrooms have been continuously conducted. In a series of these studies, we have isolated a number of alkaliphilic bacterial strains from the tile-joints. The isolation of al...

A new ohmic contact scheme for gallium nitride is presented. The use of Nitrideforming metal Over Gallide-forming metal, “NOG”, can modify the thermodynamic activity of N and Ga near the interface. This in turn can modify the near-surface point defect concentrations, particularly the vacancies of Ga and N. The principle of this contact scheme was shown to be consistent with results from Ni/Au, ...