BACKGROUND Equations for predicting maximal heart rate (HRmax) are widely used in exercise testing and for training prescription, but their efficacy remains controversial in the literature. OBJECTIVE To compare maximal heart rate during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) using the prediction equations developed by Karvonen and Tanaka. METHODS Of the 24,120 maximal treadmill graded exer...

One hypothesis to explain the rapid neural component of exercise hyperpnea contends that afferent stimuli originating in the ventricles of the heart act reflexly on the respiratory center at the onset of exercise, ie, "cardiodynamic hyperpnea." Orthotopic cardiac transplantation (Tx) results in the loss of afferent information from the ventricles. Thus, Tx possibly results in transient hypercap...

The study purpose was to prove the effectiveness of zumba exercise on VO₂max, agility, and muscle power in students at Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri, East Java, Indonesia.
 Materials methods. This research is a pre-experimental design with One group Pretest-Posttest Design. A total 15 female from Student Activity Unit aerobic dance Indonesia, aged 19–24 years, body mass index (BMI) 19....

The aim of the present study is to analyse the influence of different large-sided games (LSGs) on the physical and physiological variables in under-12s (U12) and -13s (U13) soccer players. The effects of the combination of different number of players per team, 7, 9, and 11 (P7, P9, and P11, respectively) with three relative pitch areas, 100, 200, and 300 m(2) (A100, A200, and A300, respectively...

PURPOSE To examine whether a subjective measure of moderate-intensity exercise (12-13 on Borg's ratings of perceived exertion scale; RPE) corresponds to the target heart rate for moderate-intensity exercise (40-59% heart rate reserve; %HRR) and to determine the characteristics of those for whom RPE does not appropriately estimate exercise intensity. METHODS 3582 individuals with type 2 diabet...

Thermogenesis is associated with oxidation activity in muscle and fat tissue, the target of non-pharmacological therapy preventing increase obesity. This research was designed to reveal circadian profile thermogenic gene expression after acute interval continuous moderate-intensity exercise. The subjects were 22 randomly selected obese adolescent females who met predetermined inclusion criteria...