BACKGROUND Thoracic epidural anesthesia is frequently used to maintain intraoperative and postoperative analgesia. Frequently, 3 ml of local anesthetic is used as a test dose, or for intermittent epidural injection. We assessed the extent of the spread of 3 ml of contrast medium in the thoracic epidural space and attempted to identify any correlating factors affecting the epidurography. METHO...

In vitro multiple shoot regeneration of Solanum nigrum L., an Indian medicinal plant was accomplished on MS medium utilizing shoot tip and nodal explants. Direct multiple shoots differentiated within 6 weeks when explants were cultured on MS medium containing BAP (1.0-5.0 mg/l) and KIN (1.0-5.0 mg/l) individually. Among various concentrations of cytokinins tested, maximum number of multiple sho...