Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a member of nuclear receptors superfamily, which mainly regulate the expression of target genes involved in lipid and energy metabolism. These receptors are divided to three isotypes: PPARα, PPARγ and PPARβ/δ. Each isotype has a distinct tissue distribution relating to the distinct functions. In this study, the mRNA abundance for PPARα, PP...

The quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) based techniques have become essential for gene expression studies and high-throughput molecular characterization of transgenic events. Normalizing to reference gene in relative quantification make results from qPCR more reliable when compared to absolute quantification, but requires robust reference genes. Since, ideal reference gene should be species spec...

Complete genome sequences are becoming available for a large number of diverse species. Quantification of gene content, of gene family expansion, of orthologous gene conservation, as well as their displacement, are now possible — laying the ground for the estimation of the minimal set of proteins sufficient for cellular life. The consensus of computational results suggests a set close to 300 ge...

A sensitive and versatile detection scheme based on quantum dot immobilisation on a solid support through bio-orthogonal PCR amplification and labelling has been developed for detection and quantification of gene targets in complex DNA mixtures.

Background and objective: The assessment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status has become of great importance in the diagnosis of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) and Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization (CISH) to assess HER2 status of biopsy specimens. <...

A label-free electrochemical method is developed for simple and convenient quantification of gene-specific DNA hypermethylation in a DNA sequence without PCR amplification, bisulfite conversion or labeling processes.

Background: In the present study, we aimed to determine expression of PDL1 and its correlation with TIL in Triple Negative (ER, PR Her 2neu negative) cases breast carcinoma (immune-histochemical study) &#x0D; Methods: Expression PD-L1 was seen on 40 proven triple negative carcinomas (TNBC) correlate it other parameters affecting prognosis disease. All were infiltrating ductal NOS (not otherwise...

background 3-4methylenedioxymethamphetamine (mdma) is a synthetic and psychoactive drug, which is known popularly as ecstasy and has toxic effects on human organs. objectives considering the potential toxic interaction, this study was performed to quantify the expression of bax and bcl2 genes in mdma-induced hepatotoxicity on rat liver. subsequently, we evaluated pentoxifylline as a possible pr...

The use of a suitable food carrier such as cheese could significantly enhance probiotic viability during storage. The main goal of this study was to assess viability of commercial probiotic strains during Cheddar cheesemaking and ripening (4-6 months) by comparing the efficiency of microbiological and molecular approaches. Molecular methods such as quantitative PCR (qPCR) allow bacterial quanti...

dna methylation plays an important role in carcinogenesis through epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes. aberrant methylation usually results from changes in the activity of dna methyltransferases (dnmts). some studies show that the overexpression of the dnmts may lead to aberrant methylation of tumor suppressor genes. also the overexpression of dnmts may be related to methylation stat...