Background: Ionizing radiation induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play an important causative role in cell death. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of sulfated derivatives of neutral polysaccharides extracted from Auricularia auricular (SNAAP). Materials and Methods: Whole blood samples from healthy donors treated with SNAAP at differen...

Radiation optic neuropathy is a devastating form of vision loss that can occur months to years after radiation therapy for tumors and other lesions located in close proximity to the visual pathways. We present the case of a 24-year-old woman who underwent external beam radiation for treatment of a tectal pilocytic astrocytoma, and 5 years later she developed bilateral radiation optic neuropathy...

Geostationary satellites provide information that enables frequent, routine and cost-effective estimates of both downwelling longwave radiation and incident solar radiation for use by agricultural and other applications, at a resolution that cannot be practically matched by ground-based measurements. We develop a new parameterization for downwelling longwave radiation at the earth’s surface tha...

Toxicity from radiation therapy is a grave problem for cancer patients. We hypothesized that some cases of toxicity are associated with abnormal transcriptional responses to radiation. We used microarrays to measure responses to ionizing and UV radiation in lymphoblastoid cells derived from 14 patients with acute radiation toxicity. The analysis used heterogeneity-associated transformation of t...

In this study, we investigated the genotoxic effect of taxol, radiation, or taxol plus radiation on highly proliferative normal tissue-bone marrow cells of Swiss albino mice. Swiss-albino mice, 3-4 months old, were used in this study. Taxol was administered bolus intravenously through the tail vein. Radiation was given by using a linear accelerator. There were four treatment categories, which h...

Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is the fourth most common cancer in the United States, and therapy for very advanced cases is relatively ineffective. Paclitaxel has activity against cancers of the breast, lung, prostate, cervix, and ovary. The activity of paclitaxel for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is less certain, and results of its radiosensitization properties ha...

The poly(L-glutamic acid)-paclitaxel (PG-TXL) conjugate has been shown to exhibit significantly greater antitumor activity than conventionally formulated paclitaxel (TXL) against solid tumors (Li et al., Cancer Res., 58: 2404-2409, 1998). Here we report that local tumor irradiation enhanced the distribution of PG-TXL given 24 h later to ovarian OCa-1 carcinoma implanted i.m. in C3Hf/Kam mice. R...

The effect of combining the radiosensitizer misonidazole (MISO) with 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) prior to radiation on the response of various KHT sarcoma cell subpopulations was evaluated. Centrifugal elutriation was used to obtain homogeneous populations of cells with respect to their cell cycle position from suspensions prepared directly from treated solid KHT tumors....

Ewing sarcomas (ES) harbor a chromosomal translocation that fuses the EWS gene to an ETS transcription factor, most commonly Friend leukemia integration 1 (FLI1). The EWS-FLI1 fusion protein acts in a positive feedback loop to maintain the expression of PARP-1, which is involved in repair of DNA damage. Here, we examine the effects of PARP-1 inhibition and radiation therapy on Ewing sarcomas. I...

High-dose radiotherapy effects are regulated by acute tumour endothelial cell death followed by rapid tumour cell death instead of canonical DNA break damage. Pre-treatment with ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles (USMB) has enabled higher-dose radiation effects with conventional radiation doses. This study aimed to confirm acute and longitudinal relationships between vascular shutdown and tumou...