This study was conducted to improve the knowledge of molecular processes involved in the interaction between Fusarium graminearum and emmer in the course of grain ripening. Emmer plants were artificially inoculated with a F. graminearum spore suspension at anthesis. In the course of grain ripening from milk ripe to plant death stage, grains at four phenological growth stages were collected for ...

Climacteric fruit ripening, as it occurs in many fruit crops, depends on a rapid, autocatalytic increase in ethylene production. This agriculturally important process has been studied extensively, with tomato simultaneously acting both as a model species and target crop for modification. In tomato, the ethylene biosynthetic genes ACC SYNTHASE2 (ACS2) and ACS4 are highly expressed during fruit r...

Softening characteristics were investigated in three types of pear fruit, namely, European pear 'La France', Chinese pear 'Yali', and Japanese pear 'Nijisseiki'. 'La France' fruit softened dramatically and developed a melting texture during ripening, while 'Yali' fruit with and without propylene treatment showed no change in flesh firmness and texture during ripening. Non-treated 'Nijisseiki' d...

Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity pattern was determined in tolerant (cv. Sumai#3) and susceptible (cv. Falat) wheat heads inoculated with Fusarium graminearum, the causal agent of head scab disease (FHB), during various developmental stages. GST specific activity exhibited a transient pattern in Sumai#3 reaching a maximum level at the milk stage and declining thereafter. GST level in Su...

carbohydrate flow between vegetative and reproductive parts of trees is one of the determining factors of yield and fruit quality. therefore, it varies during different times of growth season. the aim of this study was to investigate the carbohydrate content variation during growth season between leaf and fruit of nectarine. so, eight nectarine trees cv. red gold selected randomly in the orchar...

We investigated the characteristics of ethylene biosynthesis associated with ripening in banana (Musa sp. [AAA group, Cavendish subgroup] cv Grand Nain) fruit. MA-ACS1 encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase in banana fruit was the gene related to the ripening process and was inducible by exogenous ethylene. At the onset of the climacteric period in naturally ripened fruit...

Banana (Musa acuminata, cv Dwarf Cavendish) proteins were extracted from pulp tissue at different stages of ripening and analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis. The results provide evidence of differential protein accumulation during ripening. Two sets of polypeptides have been detected that increase substantially in ripe fruit. These polypeptides were characterized as glycoproteins by wes...

range forage of vicia variabilis, astragalus spp., medicago sativa, prangos uloptera and sanguisorba minor was sampled during three phenological stages from the controlled rangeland stations in chaharmahal and bakhtiari province, iran. samples were analyzed for the determination of crude protein (cp%), ether extract (ee), crude fiber (cf), total ash, neutral detergent fiber (ndf), acid detergen...

Gnagnan (Solanum indicum L.) is a spontaneous plant widely distributed in Ivory Coast. During ripening stages, Solanum indicum L. presents different colours (green, yellow and red) and is reported to contain several albeit poorly characterized antioxidant compounds. This paper describes in detail the antioxidant profile (ascorbic acid, carotenoids and polyphenols), antioxidant capacity (FRAP te...