Empirical studies indicate that the exponents governing the scaling of plant respiration rates (R) with respect to biomass (M) numerically vary between three-fourth for adult plants and 1.0 for seedlings and saplings and are affected by nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content. However, whether the scaling of R with respect to M (or N and P) varies among different phylogenetic groups (e.g., gymn...

it is suggested that cultivars of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) with regulated growth and development would be able to produce higher yields under water-limited conditions, which is crucial in future food production. water use efficiency (wue) is worthy of exploration in this regard. in this study, the effects of nitrogen fertilizer levels (0, 40 and 80 kg nha-1) and a plant growth retardant (ch...

BACKGROUND Malaria and Tuberculosis (TB) are important causes of morbidity and mortality in Africa. Malaria prevention reduces mortality among HIV patients, pregnant women and children, but its role in TB patients is not clear. In the TB National Reference Center in Guinea-Bissau, admitted patients are in severe clinical conditions and mortality during the rainy season is high. We performed a t...

Two prospective, multi-centre, observational studies (GlaxoSmithKline [GSK] identifier No. 110938 and 112519) were performed over 2 influenza seasons (2007-2008 and 2008-2009) in the Republic of Korea (ROK) with the aim to evaluate the burden of laboratory-confirmed influenza (LCI) in patients ≥ 50 years of age seeking medical attention for acute respiratory illness (ARI). The median participan...

Leaf nitrogen distribution pattern was studied four times during the growing season in a 2-year-old Salix viminalis L. and Salix dasyclados Wimm. plantation in Estonia. We measured the vertical distributions of leaf nitrogen concentration, dry mass, leaf area and light environment (as fractional transmission of diffuse irradiance, a(d)) in the canopy. The light-independent nitrogen pool was eva...

given the important role of crop growth indices for explanation of cultivars yield differences in diverse environmental and agronomical circumstances, this experiment was conducted at research field of tarbiat modares university during 2007 growing season. experimental treatments were arranged in split-plot layout based on randomized complete blocks with four replications. in this research, sow...

Nitrogen applied before planting is more vulnerable to lobs to the environment than nitrogen applied during the gro~ving season, but the growing season application can increase the risk o f lower yields c;iused by adverse weather that prohibits farmers to cornplete N application. An expected utility framework is used to illustrate the potential econo~nic benefit of insurance for :I farmer to re...

Bioenergy land use is expanding today as biofuel is consuming higher amount of agricultural production. In 2007, a widespread expansion of corn planting areas was recorded in the United States Department of Agriculture crop census. To better document the corn-related land use change, this study mapped the spatial distributions of four major annual crops (corn, soybean, winter wheat, and spring ...