Chronic lower back pain (CLBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in modern society which seriously impacts the people’s daily life [1]. Approximately 70–85% people suffer lower back pain (LBP) at some point in their lives [2]. The recently global review of the prevalence of LBP in the adult general population was published in 2000 and showed point prevalence of 12–33% and 1-ye...

Background London’s Air Ambulance (LAA) teams attend over 2000 trauma missions per year. Ten percent of patients suffer from serious haemorrhage. Since 2008, physician-led pre-hospital teams have activated “Code Red – massive haemorrhage protocol” pre-alerts to the Major Trauma Centres in London.[1] A significant number of seriously injured patients die at the scene of the incident. Major haemo...

BACKGROUND Suicide is the leading cause of death among Japanese adolescents, and they may commit suicide differently from adults. However, there are few studies in medical-based data concerning adolescent patients seriously attempting suicide. We aimed to explore the characteristics of serious suicide attempts in Japanese adolescents, comparing them with those in adults. METHODS We investigat...