Valsa mali var. mali (Vmm), the causal agent of apple tree canker disease, produces various toxic compounds, including protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-hydroxyacetophenone, 3-(p-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid and phloroglucinol. Here, we examined the relationship between toxin production and the pathogenicity of Vmm strains and determined their bioactivities in several assays, for fu...

Several potentially tridentate pyridyl and phenolic Schiff bases (apRen and HhapRen, respectively) were derived from the condensation reactions of 2-acetylpyridine (ap) and 2′-hydroxyacetophenone (Hhap), respectively, with N-R-ethylenediamine (RNHCH2CH2NH2, Ren; R = H, Me or Et) and com-plexed in situ with iron(II) or iron(III), as dictated by the nature of the ligand donor set, to generate the...

A novel aromatic diamine monomer, 4-(4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)phenyl)-2,6-bis(4-(4aminophenoxy)phenyl)pyridine (PPAPP) containing pyridine rings, pyrrolidine groups, and ether linkages, was successfully synthesized using 4-hydroxyacetophenone and 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene as starting materials by three-step reactions, and then used to synthesize a series of polyimides by polycondensation with various ar...

Some selected transition (Cu, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni) and non-transition (Zn and Pb) metal complexes of arylhydrazones, namely o-hydroxyacetophenone benzoylhydrazone (HBH) and o-mthoxybenzaldehyde benzoylhydrazone (MBH) have been isolated and characterized by a combination of elemental analysis, spectral (UV-Vis., IR, H NMR) and magnetic measurements. Only two divalent metals (Cu and Ni) yield s...

The root of Cynanchum wilfordii (C. wilfordii) contains several biologically active compounds which have been used as traditional medicines in Asia. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of an ethanol root extract of C. wilfordii (CWE) on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). The inhibitory effects of CWE on vascular cell ...

o-Azaxylylenes have been known for half a century, but remained in relative synthetic obscurity until a decade ago, when Corey and Steinhagen reported their first preparation under simple mild conditions by base-induced elimination of hydrogen chloride from derivatives of o-chloromethylaniline. It was noted that “Surprisingly, simplest method possible for o-azaxylylene production ... has never ...

BACKGROUND Microbial fuel cells (MFC) and microbial electrolysis cells are electrical devices that treat water using microorganisms and convert soluble organic matter into electricity and hydrogen, respectively. Emerging cellulosic biorefineries are expected to use large amounts of water during production of ethanol. Pretreatment of cellulosic biomass results in production of fermentation inhib...

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is a flame retardant that is used as an additive during manufacturing of plastic polymers and electronic circuit boards. Little is known about the fate of this compound in the environment. In the current study we investigated biodegradation of TBBPA, as well as 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP), in slurry of anaerobic sediment from a wet ephemeral desert stream bed contam...