The induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and mutation at the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase locus and toxicities of 40 different chemical and physical agents were examined on Chinese hamster V79 cells. These agents included mono-, di-, tri-, and polyfunctional alkylating agents, intercalators, gamma-rays, and UV light irradiation. Mutation was measured as resistance to...

Although the antitumor effects of chloroethylnitrosoureas have been shown to be due primarily to DNA-DNA cross-linking by the alkylating moieties of these agents, the basis of the often accompanying bone marrow toxicity has been more controver sial. We report on the relative bone marrow toxicity of four model nitrosoureas with different alkylating and Carbamoylating activi ties: 1,3-bis(2-chlor...

N,N-dichloropolystyrene sulfonamide as a decontaminant was synthesized in 5 steps from styrene monomer. Styrene was first polymerized. Then, sulfonation reaction was performed by H2SO4 (c) followed by chlorination with POCl3 obtain chlorosulfonated polystyrene. Amidification reaction was then applied to get sulfonamide resin. Sulfonamide resin was treat...

Sulfur mustard (SM), a chemical warfare agent, is strong alkylating compound that readily reacts with numerous biomolecules. The goal of the present work was to define and validate new biomarkers exposure SM could be easily accessible in urine or plasma. Because investigations using are prohibited by Organization for Prohibition Chemical Weapons, we worked 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), mo...

Background Previous studies have shown a steep learning curve in endotracheal intubation using the Airtraq(R) for non skilled personnel. We examined 16 Danish paramedics’ ability to intubate by using the Airtraq(R). The paramedics went through a 1-day course at CeMS (Centre for Medical Simulation, the department of Anaesthesia, Aalborg, Denmark) with skill training and simulation based teaching...

The present paper describes the synthesis of some symmetrical substituted 1-(2-chloroethyl) pyrazole-based dichalcogenides and monochalcogenides by reacting different 3,4,5-trisubstituted 1-(2-chloroethyl) pyrazole derivatives with in situ prepared Na2E2 (E = S, Se, Te) and sodium hydrogen selenide, respectively. All compounds were fully characterized by different spectroscopic techniques, name...

In a recent paper, Gilman and Philips (1) pointed out that the P-chloroethyl vesicants are extremely toxic compounds which have specific effects on the bone marrow, lymphoid tissues, and the intestinal mucosa. In addition, the systemic injury produced by these mustards causes a series of complex biochemical and physiological changes in the body. This investigation was undertaken to determine th...

N,N-dichloropolystyrene sulfonamide as a decontaminant was synthesized in 5 steps from styrene monomer. Styrene was first polymerized. Then, sulfonation reaction was performed by H2SO4 (c) followed by chlorination with POCl3 obtain chlorosulfonated polystyrene. Amidification reaction was then applied to get sulfonamide resin. Sulfonamide resin was treat...

In order to investigate the mechanisms of cellular damage by alkylating agents, human fibroblasts and tumor cell strains having different sensitivities to killing by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine [and different abilities to repair O6-methylguanine ( O6mGua ) in their DNA] were treated with other alkylating agents. Methyl methanesulfonate, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU), 1-(2...