OBJECTIVE To review the impact of New Zealand's tobacco control programme from 1985 to 1998 on smoking prevalence and tobacco consumption, and to estimate the scope for further reduction. DESIGN Country case study; interventions, with outcomes ranked internationally across time. SETTING New Zealand 1985-98; for 1985-95, 23 OECD countries. INTERVENTIONS Between 1985 and 1998, New Zealand e...

The Australian Mesothelioma Surveillance Program was planned in 1977 in order to improve diagnostic criteria, to monitor the incidence of the disease, to develop methods of counting lung fibres, and to explore occupational and other associations of mesothelioma. This paper presents a preliminary analysis of data that were collected between January 1, 1980 and December 31, 1985 on the pathologic...

The Ct+ Programming Language [Stroustrup 1986] describes Cr+ as defrned and implemented in August 1985. This paper describes the growth of the language since then and clarifies a few points in the defrnition. It is emphasized that these language modifications are extensions; Cr+ has been and will remain a stable language suitable for long term software development. The main new featurei of Cr-+...

We compared the pattern of cerebrovascular disease (stroke) mortality in men and women aged 40-69 years in 27 countries during 1970-1985 with the decline in coronary heart disease mortality during the same period. Stroke mortality rates declined in 21 and 25 countries for men and women, respectively. In 23 countries the decline in stroke mortality in women was greater than that in men. Countrie...

Selection of the proper dilatation hardware in performing coronary angioplasty will facilitate the procedure, minimize its cost, and enhance its safety. Over the past 3 years, there has been an acceleration of growth in PTCA catheter and wire technology. We evaluated all currently approved dilatation systems as well as some investigational equipment and herein discuss their relative merits and ...

Satellite observations from 1985–2006 indicate that in the last 2 decades the temperature in the upper layer of the Mediterranean Sea has been increasing at an average (±SD) rate of 0.03 ± 0.008°C yr–1 for the western basin and 0.05 ± 0.009°C yr–1 for the eastern basin. The increases in temperature are not constant throughout the year but occur primarily during May, June and July. Maximum incre...

Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis emerged as an important illness during the 1980s. Investigations showed that consumption of undercooked eggs was the major risk factor for disease, and a variety of prevention and control efforts were initiated during the 1990s. We describe sporadic infections and outbreaks of S. Enteritidis in the United States from 1985 through 1999 and discuss prevent...