Controlled synthesis of metal and bimetallic alloy nanoparticles has gained significant attention due to their unique physico-chemical properties and their potential important applications in the area of medicinal microbiology, drug and DNA delivery, optics and electronics etc. Most of these synthesis routes typically employ toxic chemicals and organic solvents for their synthesis, which limit ...

Sugar diamino acids (SDAs), which differ from the widely used sugar amino acids in the presence of a second amino group connected to the carbohydrate core, share structural features of both amino acids and carbohydrates. They can be used for the preparation of linear and branched amide-linked oligosaccharide mimetics. Such oligomers carry free amino groups, which are positively charged at neutr...

We report an efficient, highly selective modification on the N-terminal amines of peptides and proteins using aldehyde derivatives via reductive alkylation. After modification of a library of unprotected peptides XYSKEASAL (X varies over 20 natural amino acids) by benzaldehyde at room temperature, pH 6.1 resulted in excellent N-terminal selectivity (α-amino/ε-amino: >99 : 1) and high reaction c...

The exact function of human gasdermin-B (GSDMB), which regulates differentiation and growth of epithelial cells, is yet to be elucidated. In human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, GSDMB gene amplification and protein overexpression indicate a poor response to HER2-targeted therapy. Genome-wide association studies revealed a correlation between GSDMB SNPs and an ...

The native three-dimensional structure of a single protein is determined by the physicochemical nature of its constituent amino acids. The 20 different types of amino acids, depending on their physicochemical properties, can be grouped into three major classes: hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and charged. The anatomy of the weighted and unweighted networks of hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and charged res...

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) and amino acids are non-linear optical material used for laser frequency conversion. The pure and amino acids (L-arginine, L-lysine and L-alanine) doped KDP crystals were grown by slow solvent evaporation technique. The amino acid doping was confirmed by CHN analysis, paper chromatography and FTIR studies. The (100) face of pure and amino acids doped KDP cry...

Charge ladders of bovine carbonic anhydrase II, hen egg-white lysozyme, and bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, prepared by partial acetylation of primary amino groups on the surface of the protein, have been analyzed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) and on-line electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS) using solution conditions that maintain the native structure of the protein. CE wa...

A novel fragmentation rearrangement reaction with a carboxyl oxygen negative charge migration was observed in the N-terminal protected amino acids including Fmoc-protected phosphoserine. phosphothroenine, and phosphotyrosine and their analogues using the electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). The possible mechanism of a five-membered ring transition state was proposed and...

By the methods of bioinformatics, the sequences of HCV E2 protein from all the genotypes are studied on the variation and the B-cell epitopes. We find that even in the HVR1 and HVR2 regions, there are also some conservative sites, such as T2, G6, G23, and Q26, all of which belong to polar R-base amino acids without charge, and can lost proton to conform hydrogen bond. Meanwhile, we find the con...

Incorporation of dihydroretinals into the sensory rhodopsin SR and bacteriorhodopsin bR has led to a modified version of the external point-charge model for bR proposed in 1979. Difference Fourier transform infrared studies of native bR and bR analogs cultured on media containing isotopes of amino acids have shown some of the amino acids which undergo environmental changes or deprotonation/prot...