Surface-applied dairy manure can increase P concentrations in runoff, which may contribute to eutrophication of lakes and streams. The amount of dietary P fed to dairy cows (Bos taurus) and the timing of a rain event after manure application may further affect runoff P losses. The objective of this study was to examine dietary P supplementation effects on manure and runoff P concentrations from...

Vetiver buffer strips are widely employed to reduce fluxes of eroding soil and associated nutrients and pollutants from catchments into waterways. The physical processes involved in sediment reduction by buffer strips have been examined in a number of studies and various models have been developed to describe some of these processes. However, the sedimentremoval efficiency is complex as it is t...

erosion and sediment movement phenomena are one of the most complex issues in management of rivers drainage areas that in water projects are very important. that its measurement wants high time and cost. issue of surface runoff in river basin is a complex issue that human knowledge and understanding about its physical laws a viewpoint of some mathematical formulas is limited. in this study to i...

The scientific research literature is reviewed (i) for evidence of how much reduction in nonpoint source pollution can be achieved by installing buffers on crop land, (ii) to summarize important factors that can affect this response, and (iii) to identify remaining major information gaps that limit our ability to make probable estimates. This review is intended to clarify the current scientific...

Surface runoff from cropland frequently has high concentrations of nutrients and herbicides, particularly in the first few events after application. Grassed waterways can control erosion while transmitting this runoff offsite, but are generally ineffective in removing dissolved agrochemicals. In this study, we routed runoff from one tilled (0.67 ha) and one no-till watershed (0.79 ha) planted t...

Land application of sewage sludge requires careful monitoring because of its potential for contamination of surface water and ground water. A rainfall simulator was used th investigate the effects of freshly applied sludge on infiltration, and on runoff of sediment and nutrients from agricultural crop lands. Rain was applied to 16 experimental field plots. A three-run sequence was used to simul...