this study investigated the potential role of age in inductive and deductive grammar learning among iranian foreign language learners. the experimental population consisted of our randomly selected samples including two groups of children (with age of exposure to english within 8-13), and two groups of adults (with age of exposure to english within 11-13). thus, the comparison was between ch...

adaptation of the lord of the rings is considered by many to be among the greatest, most successful and at the same time most popular of the above mentioned trend so far. it is my intention to look at the success and popularity of this epic fantasy in the light of the 9/11 attacks and the war on terror context of g. w. bush’s aura. in so doing i aim at bringing into the light the determining fa...

this study investigated (a) the learners’ existing reading strategy repertoire, (b) the effect of instruction in reading strategies on learners’ strategic performance, and (c) the effect of explicit instruction in top-down reading strategies on reading comprehension ability of intermediate learners. the study was conducted with 40 intermediate efl learners in two groups of experimental and cont...

Background Growth/Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) is a stress responsive cytokine linked to obesity, cardiovascular disease and inflammation. Exercise can be a transient physiological stress in whole-body energy metabolism. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the glucose, insulin and GDF-15 serum responses to acute effects of two intermittent and continuous exercises in sedentar...

abstract the present study was conducted to examine the effect of proficiency on students interaction while carrying out the grammar-based task(s) in collaboration. in particular, the study examines whether the level of proficiency affects the learners’ focus of attention to grammatical and lexical features. the study takes a further step and examines whether there is any difference in the use...

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تعیین تأثیر اجرای HIIT بر بیان ژن PGC-1α در عضلات کند و تند‌ انقباض رت­های نر سالم بود. به همین منظور 12 سر رت نر ویستار به دو گروه کنترل (6=n) و تمرین (6=n) تقسیم شدند. تمرین تناوبی شدید شامل پنج روز و در مجموع هشت هفته بود که از سه تناوب (چهار دقیقه با شدت 90 تا 100 درصد VO2max و دو دقیقه با شدت 50 تا 60 درصد VO2max) تشکیل ­شد. 24 ساعت پس از آخرین جلسۀ تمرین، عضلۀ باز‌کنندۀ...