The helical junction region of a -1 frameshift stimulating hairpin-type mRNA pseudoknot from sugarcane yellow leaf virus (ScYLV) is characterized by a novel C27.(G7-C14) loop 2-stem 1 minor groove base triple, which is stacked on a C8+.(G12-C28) loop 1-stem 2 major groove base triple. Substitution of C27 with adenosine reduces frameshifting efficiency to a level just twofold above the slip-site...

During development of the central nervous system, neurons pass through windows of vulnerability to environmental factors. Two windows are gestational day (G) 7 (during gastrulation) and G12 (early neuronal generation). The present study examined the effects of ethanol exposure at these times on social behavior and on the number of neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala (Ce), which is im...

Delivery across the cell membrane is of critical importance for the development of therapeutics targeting intracellular proteins. The use of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), such as Penetratin (P16), has facilitated the delivery of otherwise cell-impermeable molecules allowing them to carry out their biological function. A truncated form of Penetratin (RRMKWKK) has been previously described as...

BACKGROUND Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measures are commonly used in oncology research. Interest in their use for monitoring or screening is increasing. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) is one of the most widely used HRQOL instruments. Consequently, oncology researchers and practitioners have an increasing need for reference values for the Functional Assessment of C...

Nanoparticles conjugated with d-maltoheptaose (G7) showed a striking increase in the internalization by Escherichia coli. This applies to strains with and without the maltodextrin transport channel and particles ranging from a few to a hundred nanometers.