This document specifies a Management Information Base (MIB) module for the Lightweight User Datagram Protocol (UDP-Lite). It defines a set of new MIB objects to characterise the behaviour and performance of transport layer endpoints deploying UDP-Lite. UDP-Lite resembles UDP, but differs from the semantics of UDP by the addition of a single option. This adds the capability for variable-length d...

The formation of heparin-precursor polysaccharide (N-acetylheparosan) was studied with a mouse mastocytoma microsomal fraction. Incubation of this fraction with UDP-[3H]GlcA and UDP-GlcNAc yielded labelled macromolecules that could be depolymerized, apparently to single polysaccharide chains, by alkali treatment, and thus were assumed to be proteoglycans. Label from UDP-[3H]GlcA (approx. 3 micr...

UDP-galactose 4-epimerase from Escherichia coli catalyzes the interconversion of UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose. In recent years, the enzyme has been the subject of intensive investigation due in part to its ability to facilitate nonstereospecific hydride transfer between beta-NADH and a 4-keto hexopyranose intermediate. The first molecular model of the epimerase from E. coli was solved to 2.5 A...

The cell wall polysaccharide of Streptococcus gordonii 38 functions as a coaggregation receptor for surface adhesins on other members of the oral biofilm community. The structure of this receptor polysaccharide (RPS) is defined by a heptasaccharide repeat that includes a GalNAcbeta1-->3Gal-containing recognition motif. The same RPS has now been identified from S. gordonii AT, a partially sequen...

With the rapid development of network, multimedia is largely applied in several areas, and it needs high bandwidth for network to transmit multimedia. At present UDP is always applied as lower layer for transmitting multimedia because it has high-speed transfer rate. However, UDP loses more packets under the condition of insufficient network bandwidth. Therefore in this paper we add the control...

UDP-glucose hydrolases are a group of relatively little known membrane-bound or periplasmic enzymes found in Salmonella enterica and E. coli. UDP-glucose is an agonist for a specific P2 receptor (P2Y14) found on epithelial cells and cells associated with innate immunity. It is also recognised as a ‘danger signal’. Cells respond to mechanical damage by releasing UDP-glucose which activates P2Y14...

UDP is generated in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as a product of the UDP-glucose-dependent glycoprotein reglucosylation in the calnexin/calreticulin cycle. We describe here the identification, purification and characterization of an ER enzyme that hydrolyzes UDP to UMP. This nucleoside diphosphatase is a ubiquitously expressed, soluble 45 kDa glycoprotein devoid of transmembrane ...

for phase separationwithin thelipidphase(Phillipsetal., 1970; Shimschick & McConnel, 1973) UDP-glucose inhibited the activity of UDP-glucuronyltransferase. There was no inhibition at any temperature above 16°C. Similarly, at temperatures below that for phase separation within the lipid portion of the membrane, UDP-glucuronyltransferase was insensitive to activation by UDP-N-acetylglucosamine. I...

The nucleotides present in the cambial tissue (primary wall tissue) and in the not yet fully differentiated secondary xylem (secondary wall tissue) of Larix decidua Mill. were extracted and characterized. The method of extraction best suited to the material was investigated and the problems involved in desalting of extracts and their effect on the final nucleotide pattern obtained are discussed...

We present UDP datagram demultiplexing techniques that can yield potentially substantial applicationindependent performance gains over BSD-derived UDP implementations. Our demultiplexing strategies exploit local host and UDP implementation features -(1) how UDP processes connection-less datagrams, (2) local host application as client or server, and (3) local host application “density” -resultin...