In the Internet area, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is the most commonly used transport protocol. In this paper, we present how TCP is tuned to differentiate between corruption and congestion losses. We also discuss why regular TCP is not suitable for mobile hosts and its inability to detect the type of losses that yield significant degradation of TCP performance. We introduce an Enha...

TCP Bulk Repeat (TCP BR) is a sender-side enhancement of TCP that greatly improves performance in wireless and satellite networks with very high packet error rates (above 1%), where conventional schemes such as TCP NewReno, TCP SACK and TCP Westwood suffer severe performance degradation. In this paper we study TCP BR performance through a stochastic model. The general model, which has a dynamic...

In this paper we propose an enhancement to the TCP protocol, called TCP Smart Framing, or TCP-SF for short, that enables the Fast Retransmit/Recovery algorithm even when the congestion window is small. TCP-SF is particularly effective for short-lived flows, as most of the current Internet traffic is. Without modifying the TCP congestion control based on the additive-increase/multiplicativedecre...

This review focuses on the advances made in synthesis and application of hydroxyapatite (HA)- ?-tricalcium phosphate (?-TCP)-based composites for biomedical purposes, with placed both laboratory exploration clinical translation. First, polymeric matrix materials are reviewed, comparisons between naturally- synthetically-derived polymers briefly introduced. Second, calcium phosphates used hard t...

TCP Vegas version is expected to achieve higher throughput than TCP Tahoe and Reno versions, which are currently used in the Internet. However, we need to consider a migration path of TCP Vegas when it is deployed in the Internet. In this paper, we focus on the situation where multiple TCP Reno and Vegas connections coexist at the bottleneck router, by which the fairness property is investigate...

The use of loss differentiation schemes within the congestion control mechanism of TCP was proposed recently as a way of improving TCP performance over heterogeneous networks including wireless links affected by random loss. Such algorithms provide TCP with an estimate of the cause of packet losses. In this paper, we propose to use the Vegas loss differentiation algorithm to enhance the TCP New...

In this paper we propose an enhancement to the TCP protocol, called TCP Smart-Framing(TCP-SF), that enables the Fast Recovery algorithm for short lived flows, as most of the current Internet traffic is. Without modifying the TCP congestion control based on the additive-increase/multiplicative-decrease paradigm, TCP Smart-Framing adopts a novel segmentation algorithm: while classic TCP starts se...

Numerous mechanisms have been proposed for improving TCP performance over wireless links, including those in wireless cellular networks. In this paper, we infer the existence and investigate the performance of one class of these performance-enhancing approaches, split-connection approaches, in commercial cellular data networks. Special attention is given to the so called Split-TCP and TCP proxy...

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is used by many applications on the Internet for the reliable data transmission. TCP does not able to utilize the available link bandwidth quickly and efficiently in High bandwidth short RTT and high bandwidth long RTT networks. Many congestion control techniques also known as TCP variants are developed to solve these problems in different network environment...