A new micro-XRF instrument was developed in combination with an atomic force microscope (AFM). A small pinhole of 5 or 10 μm was made on the AFM cantilever. The center of the micro X-ray beam generated by a polycapillary X-ray lens was passed through the pinhole. The present experiment demonstrated that the size of the original X-ray beam of 48 μm produced by the polycapillary lens was reduced ...

An artificial neural network approach was used for the analysis of low-resolution XRF spectra. Instead of peak analysis and fitting the experimental results to a mathematical function as used by the conventional algorithms, the artificial neural network method takes the spectrum as a whole, comparing its shape with the patterns learned during the training period of the network. This method was ...

Introduction: Giotto (1266–1337) and his workshop realized c. 1315 the large Crucifix now in the Louvre Museum. The conservation of this masterpiece in 2010–2013 in the C2RMF studios gave the opportunity for a comprehensive investigation of the execution technique through a characterization of the paint layers. The first examinations revealed an original gilding and decoration surrounding the C...

Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) encounter computational difficulties in the presence of a graph with high treewidth. This paper introduces a new type of model, the Crossover Random Field (XRF), designed to cope with these difficulties. An XRF consists of a sequence of “layers”, each of which is a tractable CRF. Inference of marginals takes place layer by layer, with the marginals from one laye...

زۆربەى لێکۆڵينەوەکان کە لە سەر ناوچەى ئاکرێ نووسراون زیاتر لایەنەکانى سیاسى و کارگێڕى سەربازى دەگرێتەوە, کاتێکدا بوارە گرنگەکانى ديكه‌ى ژیان فەرامۆش کراون، بە تایبەتى لایەنى ئابوورى نێویشيدا بوارى کشتوکاڵ زەورى زار، پەیوەندى راستەوخۆى لەگەڵ ژیانى مروڤدا هەیە, سەرەڕاى ئەمەش لەچاو کەمتر بایەخى پێ دراوە, بۆیە پێمان باش بوو لەسەر ئەم بابەتە بنووسين. ئامانجى سەرەکیشمان ئەوەیە بەم لێکۆڵینەوە لایەنێکى...

Zinc is an essential element that can be found in bones, such as calcium and phosphorus. It seems to have effects on growth, bone turnover and mineralization making its relationship with bones still opening. The goal of this study is, by XRF analysis, characterized bone samples, with and without pathology, in the trabeculae region. For that purpose, it was used an XRF beam line at the Synchrotr...

Confocal X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry can be used to perform three-dimensional elemental analysis, which is impossible using general micro XRF without any collimating optics in the detection channel. In this study, we designed, for first time, a new confocal line (C-L-XRF) system that obtain information of larger area and higher intensity analysis than conventional point (C-P-XRF) anal...

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN HANDHELD X-RAY FLUORESENCE INSTRUMENTATION The introduction of new large area silicon drift detectors to handheld XRF technology expands technique capabilities with greater analytical range and lower detection limits James Pasmore, Director, Business Development [email protected] Thermo Niton Analyzers LLC Thermo Fisher Scientific 900 Middlesex Turnpike, Buil...

Nano-MgO was successfully deposited on titania using deposition-precipitation method. The catalyst produced was characterised using FTIR, XRD, BET and XRF and its activity was tested on the transesterification reaction of soybean oil to biodiesel. The catalyst activity improved when the reaction temperature was increasedfrom 150 and 225 C. It was also observed that increasing the reaction time ...