Introduction: The radiation induced bystander effect (BSE) is the induction of biological changes in unexposed cells, by signals transmitted from bystander cells that cause the spread of radiation toxicity to adjacent or far tissues. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) such as cytokines are involved in mediating mechanisms in bystande...

plant phenolics have high reducing capacity which can be exploited in the synthesis of nanomaterials. in the present study, phytoreductant vanillic acid is used to produce and coat silver nanoparticles. the effects of ag nanoparticles on the unicellular green algae d. salina were then investigated. under optimum  ph and temperature, silver ions were reduced to silver metal by vanillic acid. the...

background: blood donation safety is one of the basic goals of the organization of blood transfusion in the world. self-exclusion and failed options are additional screening tests to routine diagnostic tests which is performed to detect the transmitted infection through blood or blood products. the purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of these systems on the improvement of bloo...

Using density-functional theory with the local-density approximation and the generalized gradient approximation we compute the energy barriers for surface diffusion for Ag on Pt~111!, Ag on one monolayer of Ag on Pt~111!, and Ag on Ag~111!. The diffusion barrier for Ag on Ag~111! is found to increase linearly with increasing lattice constant. We also discuss the reconstruction that has been fou...

in this paper, a novel method of producing bi-metallic alloy nanoparticles at low temperatures using hydrogen bombardment of thin films, deposited on glass substrates, is introduced. optical and morphological characteristics of the nanoparticles were extensively studied for various conditions of plasma treatment, such as plasma power density, temperature, duration of hydrogen bombardment, thick...