A central problem in analyzing neural circuit function is establishing how intrinsic neuronal conductances contribute to the generation of network activity. We used real-time calcium activity imaging combined with whole-cell patch-clamp recording to analyze contributions of subthreshold conductances in the excitatory rhythm-generating network in the respiratory pre-Bötzinger complex (pre-BötC) ...

AIM To compare the tolerability and quality of bowel cleansing between 2 L polyethylene glycol (PEG) and reduced-dose sodium phosphate (NaP) tablets as a preparation for colonoscopy. METHODS Two hundred patients were randomly assigned to the PEG or NaP groups at the same ratio. The NaP group patients took 30 tablets with 2 L of clear liquid, while the PEG group patients took 2L of PEG. Tolera...

Nonaccidental properties (NAPs) are image properties that are invariant over orientation in depth and are distinguished from metric properties (MPs) that can change continuously with variations over depth orientation. To a large extent NAPs allow facile recognition of objects at novel viewpoints. Two match-to-sample experiments with 2D or 3D appearing geons assessed sensitivity to NAP vs. MP di...

Abstract In-situ analysis of the TiO 2 /water interface via near ambient pressure–x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP–XPS) is demonstrated in both a lab based system (NAP-cell configuration) and synchrotron endstation (backfill configuration). Ultra-thin wetting layers liquid water (∼10 nm) are formed on rutile surface with minimal contamination present addition to unique insight during growt...

Sodium phosphate (NaP) is a key component of the standard bowel preparation regimen for colon capsule endoscopy (CCE, PillCom® COLON2 Capsule Endoscopy: Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA), particularly to cause excretion of the capsule endoscope while the battery is still functioning. Previous reports have demonstrated that other laxatives including polyethylene glycol and magnesium citrate were ...

Helicobacter pylori causes severe diseases, such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and stomach cancers. H. pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NAP) is an iron storage protein that forms a dodecameric shell, promotes the adhesion of neutrophils to endothelial cells, and induces the production of reactive oxygen radicals. HP-NAP belongs to the DNA-protecting proteins under starved conditi...

R. F. Rakowski, D. C. Gadsby, and P. DeWeer have reported a persistent, tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium ion current (I(NaP)) in squid giant axons having a low threshold (-90 mV) and a maximal inward amplitude of -4 microA/cm(2) at -50 mV. This report makes the case that most of I(NaP) is attributable to an ion channel mechanism distinct from the classical rapidly activating and inactivating sodiu...

Poor sleep quality negatively affects memory performance, and working memory in particular. We investigated sleep habits related to sleep quality including sleep duration, daytime nap duration, nap frequency, and dream content recall frequency (DCRF). Declarative working memory can be subdivided into verbal working memory (VWM) and visuospatial working memory (VSWM). We hypothesized that sleep ...

Naproxen (NAP) is an aromatic propionic acid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and vortioxetine (VOT) a novel antidepressant drug. In this study, new 1 : drug-drug salt of NAP VOT (namely, NAP-VOT) was designed synthesized by liquid-assisted grinding slow evaporation. The obtained characterized single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DS...

To clarify the underlying mechanism of low neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) activity in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CMI). CMI neutrophils were cultured in liquid medium with different numbers of monocytes. Alkaline phosphatase activity in CML neutrophils. assessed cytochemically. increased with the numbers of monocytes. NAP activity was not induced by the interaction between neutrophils ...