Guidelines on spontaneous pneumothorax are contradictory as to intervention between needle aspiration (NA) and chest tube drainage (CTD). Studies show poor adherence to guidelines.Three Norwegian hospitals included patients with primary (PSP) and secondary (SSP) spontaneous pneumothorax. Patients underwent NA or CTD as the primary intervention. The main outcome was duration of hospital stay. Se...

INTRODUCTION Although the advent of multi-detector row computed tomography (CT) has enabled better visualization of subsegmental pulmonary (SSP) arteries, SSP embolism is of uncertain clinical significance. We aimed at answering the following questions: Is spiral CT an accurate method to detect SSP embolism? How are subsegmental perfusion defects managed in outcome studies including spiral CT? ...

BACKGROUND Limited information is available on epidemiology of spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) from India. The present study was aimed at studying aetiology and clinical profile of patients with SP. METHODS All patients admitted at a tertiary care hospital with the diagnosis of SP between January 2001 and March 2002 were prospectively studied. Detailed demographic and clinical data were recorde...

A significant fraction of the nuclear DNA of all eukaryotes is comprised of simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Although these sequences are widely used for studying genetic variation, linkage mapping and evolution, little attention had been paid to the chromosomal distribution and cytogenetic diversity of these sequences. In this paper, we report the distribution characterization of mono-, di-, an...

The coupling between surface plasmons and free electrons may be used to amplify waves or accelerate particles. Nonetheless, such an interaction is usually weak due to the small interaction length or velocity mismatching. Here a mechanism for enhancing the coupling between plasmonic fields and relativistic electrons is proposed. By using a weakly gradient meta-surface that supports the spoof sur...

Measures of molecular and morphological genetic variation are often used to set conservation priorities and design management strategies for plant taxa. Evaluated together they can give insights into a taxon's evolutionary status that neither data type alone can achieve. We investigated the distinctness and variability of Sedum integrifolium ssp. leedyi, a federally and state-listed taxon, from...

Recent advances in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) networks have helped enhance the popularity of multicasting services. However, as a single network failure may disrupt the information transmission to multiple end-users, protecting multicast requests against network failures becomes an important issue in network operation. This paper investigates the subwavelength level protection for d...

A field experiment was conducted during rainy seasons of 2007-2009 in India (Manipur) to study the effect of different sources and levels of phosphorus on productivity of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. The treatments consisted of four sources of phosphorus [Single super phosphate (SSP), Di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), Single super phosphate (SSP)+Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), Di-ammo...

PCR using sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) is widely employed for the genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in both routine diagnosis and medical research. The human platelet alloantigens (HPAs) represent SNPs in platelet-specific glycoproteins, and HPA-1, -2, -3, and -5 are the most relevant in immunohematology. In most protocols, the respective HPA-SNPs are analyzed in allel...