Storage of glucose as glycogen accounts for the largest proportion of muscle glucose metabolism during insulin infusion in normal and insulin-resistant subjects. Studies in first-degree relatives have indicated a genetic origin of the defective insulin activation of muscle glycogen synthase (GS) in type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative impact of genetic versus nong...

A Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens glnA gene encoding glutamine synthetase (GS) was cloned on a recombinant plasmid pGS4 which enabled Escherichia coli glnA deletion mutants to utilize (NH4)2SO4 as a sole source of nitrogen. The nucleotide sequence of a 2423 bp DNA segment containing the GS-coding region of B. fibrisolvens was determined and the complete amino acid sequence (701 residues) was deduced....

OBJECTIVE To examine whether patients with schizophrenia associated with idiopathic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (Gilbert's syndrome [GS]) have specific changes in brain metabolism. METHODS We applied proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) to the anterior cingulate gyrus, insular cortex and thalamus of patients with schizophrenia and GS (n = 15) or without GS (n = 15), all diagnose...

PURPOSE Several studies have reported upgrading of patients with Gleason score (GS) at the time of prostate biopsy to GS following radical prostatectomy (RP). We reviewed the predictive accuracy of extended 14-core prostate biopsies, in terms of GS and tumor location in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) treated by RP. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 163 patients who underwent RP for cli...

OBJECTIVE To identify factors that might explain why a prostate with a Gleason score (GS) <7 in the biopsy specimen can turn out to have a GS ≥7 in the surgical specimen. MATERIAL AND METHODS We compared the GS of biopsy specimens with the GS of surgical specimens in 185 patients who underwent surgery for prostate cancer. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values for t...

Genome size (GS) diversity is of fundamental biological importance. The occurrence of giant genomes in angiosperms is restricted to just a few lineages in the analyzed genome size of plant species so far. It is still an open question whether GS diversity is shaped by neutral or natural selection. The genus Lilium, with giant genomes, is phylogenetically and horticulturally important and is dist...