It is shown that the evolution of the density perturbations during certain eras of substantial entropy generation in the universe can be described in the scheme of the KPZ equation. Therefore, the in uence on cosmological structure formation by stochastic forces arising from various dissipations can be studied through the universal characteristics of surface growth in d = 3 + 1 dimensions. We i...

We investigate the association between musical chords and lyrics by analysing a large dataset of user-contributed guitar tablatures. Motivated by the idea that the emotional content of chords is reflected in the words used in corresponding lyrics, we analyse associations between lyrics and chord categories. We also examine the usage patterns of chords and lyrics in different musical genres, his...

After many years of experience in surgery, a series of recommendations have been created by a group of European specialists to improve the quality of perioperative care and maximize postoperative outcomes. Early mobilization and oral feeding, preoperative oral intake of carbohydrate-rich fluids, proper fluid and pain management, intensive postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis, and antim...

Sentence segmentation is a fundamental issue in Classical Chinese language processing. To facilitate reading and processing of the raw Classical Chinese data, we propose a statistical method to split unstructured Classical Chinese text into smaller pieces such as sentences and clauses. The segmenter based on the conditional random field (CRF) model is tested under different tagging schemes and ...

Abstract Background In an effort to improve postoperative recovery and reduce complications, enhanced after surgery (ERAS) pathways have been introduced across a range of surgical disciplines. The demographics patients being considered for PD evolved over recent decades, with older undergoing increasingly more complex procedures. feasibility benefits ERAS protocol elderly is debated, study sugg...