In recent years, the chromatin field has witnessed a renewed interest in histone variants as pertaining to their structural role, but mainly because of the functional specificity they impart to chromatin. In this review, I am going to discuss several of the most recent structural studies on core histone (H2A.Bbd, H2A.Z, H2A.X, macroH2A, H3.3, CENP-A) and linker histone variants (histone H1 micr...

Pump-type containers are easy to use and also hygienic because the contents do not contact with the air. In this regard, pump-type containers are widely used from detergent to cosmetics. However, sometimes users have to throw the lotions away even if there is still remaining lotion in containers. Thus there is a need to take the measures against the pumptype containers that cause a waste. An ex...

Das Geschäftsprozessmanagement (GPM) ist mittlerweile eine etablierte Forschungsdisziplin. Um zukünftig die Relevanz der erreichten Forschungsergebnisse zu sichern und eine zielgerichtete Weiterentwicklung zu ermöglichen, müssen die Methoden und Instrumente des GPM an die sich im ständigenWandel be®ndlichen Ansprüche ausWissenschaft, Wirtschaft und Verwaltung angepasst werden. Darüber hinaus be...

A finite model updating method that combines dynamic-static long-gauge strain responses is proposed for highway bridge static loading tests. For this method, the objective function consisting of static long-gauge stains and the first order modal macro-strain parameter (frequency) is established, wherein the local bending stiffness, density and boundary conditions of the structures are selected ...

This paper presents an on-going research work on the implementation of feature-based machining via macro programming. Repetitive machining features such as holes, slots, pockets etc can readily be encapsulated in macros. Each macro consists of methods on how to machine the shape as defined by the feature. The macro programming technique comprises of a main program and subprograms. The main prog...

We investigate the use of temporally abstract actions, or macro-actions, in the solution of Markov decision processes. Unlike current models that combine both primitive actions and macro-actions and leave the state space unchanged, we propose a hierarchical model (using an abstract MDP) that works with macro-actions only, and that significantly reduces the size of the state space. This is achie...

In the FP7 project METIS we investigate suitable combinations of massive MIMO, joint transmission coordinated multipoint and small cells for future 5G systems. Challenging is a tight integration over small and macro layers. Straight forward is to ensure orthogonality between small and macro cell layers by allocation to different RF frequency bands like e.g. 2.6 and 3.5GHz respectively. Here wit...

The ability to extend a language with new syntactic forms is a powerful tool. A sufficiently flexible macro system allows programmers to build from a common base towards a language designed specifically for their problem domain. However, macro facilities that are integrated, capable, and at the same time simple enough to be widely used have been limited to the Lisp family of languages to date. ...

هدف این پژوهش، طراحی مدل بهینه‌سازی دوسطحی برای زنجیره تأمین است؛ به‌طوری‌که تصمیم‌گیری غیرمتمرکز کمّی و کیفی را در سطوح استراتژی تاکتیکی ادغام کند. کارخانه تولیدی نقش تصمیم‌گیرنده سطح بالا با ارائه تخفیف مقداری، به دنبال ترغیب مشتریان سفارش خرید بیشتر است. پایین، به‌عنوان پایین تمایل دارند مقادیر از طریق مشارکتی، مقیاس اقتصادی دست یابند. یکی نخستین پژوهش­هایی است که یافتن راه‌حل‌های بهینه مسئله...