This paper describes an agent-based software package, called Mathematical Programming-based Multi-Agent Systems (MP-MAS), which builds on a tradition of using constrained optimization to simulate farm decision-making in agricultural systems. The purpose of MP-MAS is to understand how agricultural technology, market dynamics, environmental change, and policy intervention affect a heterogeneous p...

Motivated by the search of new materials for optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters, magnesium aluminum spinels with different Mg:Al ratios were investigated. Powders prepared via co-precipitation method 1:2 (stoichiometric), 1.5:2 (MgO-rich) and 1:3 (Al2O3-rich) calcined at 1000 °C in air 2 h. A higher level structural disorder was found powders than single crystal as determined X-...

we have investigated an optically stimulated luminescence (osl) dating study in the nimbluk lakebed in khorasan, northeast iran. two samples of the lake-bed sediments from ~1 m below the land surface are successfully dated at 7.3-9.9 ka. all necessary experiments have been performed to choose the most suitable procedure for dating quartz extracts using single aliquot regeneration method (sar). ...

Approximately 13 km south of Gulf Shores, Alabama (United States), divers found in situ baldcypress (Taxodium distichum) stumps 18 m below the ocean surface. These trees could have only lived when sea level fell during Pleistocene subaerially exposing tectonically stable continental shelf. Here we investigate geophysical properties along with microfossil and stratigraphical analyses sediment co...