21 The role of primary motor cortex (M1) in the control of voluntary movements is still 22 unclear. In brain functional imaging studies of unilateral hand performance, bilateral M1 23 activation is inconsistently observed and disruptions of M1 using repetitive transcranial 24 magnetic stimulation (rTMS) lead to variable results in the hand motor performance. As 25 the motor tasks differed quali...

In primates, the refinement of motor behaviors, in particular hand use, is associated with the establishment of more direct projections from primary motor cortex (M1) onto cervical motoneurons [1, 2] and the appearance of additional premotor and sensory cortical areas [3]. All of these areas have reciprocal connections with M1 [4-7]. Thus, during the evolution of the sensorimotor network, the n...

The isovector M1 transitions between low-lying T=1 and T=0 states in oddodd N=Z nuclei are analyzed. Simple analytical expressions for M1 transition strengths are derived within a single-j-shell approximation for both j = l+1/2 and j = l − 1/2 cases. The large B(M1) values for the j = l + 1/2 case are attributed to quasi-deuteron configurations. The B(M1) values for the j = l − 1/2 case are fou...

Learning a visuomotor skill involves a distributed network which includes the primary motor cortex (M1). Despite multiple lines of evidence supporting the role of M1 in motor learning and memory, it is unclear whether M1 plays distinct roles in different aspects of learning such as acquisition and retention. Here, we investigated the nature and chronometry of that processing through a temporall...

Ribonucleotide reductase catalyzes the first unique, rate-limiting step in DNA synthesis; both its large (M1) and small (M2) subunits are necessary for activity. While direct studies of M2 expression have previously shown a tight correlation with S phase, the kinetic features of M1-expressing cells have remained ill defined. Therefore we have, using immunofluorescence flow cytometry, analyzed c...

The matrix protein 1 (M1) of influenza A virus (IAV) exists as a three-dimensional oligomeric structure in mature virions with high sequence conservation across different IAV subtypes, which makes it a potential broad spectrum antiviral target. We hypothesized that impairing self-association of M1 through a small molecule 'wedge', which avidly binds to an M1-M1 interface, would result in a comp...

To investigate the mechanism of mirror movements seen in X-linked Kallmann's syndrome, we measured changes of regional cerebral blood flow with H2 15O-PET. We studied six right-handed Kallmann male subjects and six matched, right-handed control subjects during an externally paced finger opposition task. The analyses were done both on a single subject and a group basis. The Kallmann group showed...

Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is a basolateral water channel in collecting duct principal cells and assembles into orthogonal array particles (OAPs), the size of which appears to depend on relative expression levels of AQP4 splice variants. Because the higher-order organization of AQP4 was perturbed by vasopressin in Brattleboro rats and phosphorylation sites have been identified on AQP4, we investigated ...